List of top Questions asked in XAT

Questions are based on a set of conditions. In answering some of the questions, it may be useful to draw a rough diagram. Choose the response that most accurately and completely answers each question.

Five colleagues pooled their efforts during the office lunch-hour to solve the crossword in the daily paper.

Colleagues: Mr. Bineet, Mr. Easwar, Ms. Elsie, Ms. Sheela, Ms. Titli.
Answers: Burden, Barely, Badshah, Rosebud, Silence.
Numbers: 4 down, 8 across, 15 across, 15 down, 21 across.
Order: First, second, third, fourth, fifth.

The following conditions apply:

1. Titli produced the answer to 8 across, which had the same number of letters as the previous answer to be inserted, and one more than the subsequent answer which was produced by one of the men.
2. It was not Bineet who solved the clue to ‘Burden’, and Easwar did not solve 4 down.
3. The answers to 15 across and 15 down did not have the same number of letters.
4. ‘Silence’, which was not the third word to be inserted, was the answer to an across clue.
5. ‘Barely’ was the first word to be entered in the grid, but ‘Badshah’ was not the second answer to be found.
6. Elsie’s word was longer than Bineet’s; Sheela was neither the first nor the last to come up with an answer.
7. Fifth one to be worked out was an answer to an across clue.

Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.

An audit unearthed a financial scam in NWC Corporation. One or more among the 9 financial accountants of NWC Corporation are suspected to have fudged the accounts. Following are the statements made by the nine suspects:

Shrinivas: Nagraj fudged the accounts
Datta: Shrinivas did not fudge the accounts
Nagraj: Datta is lying and I did not fudge accounts
Jose: Shrinivas is telling the truth
Samuel: Exactly three of the suspects are telling the truth
Ejaz: Datta is lying and Shrinivas fudged the accounts
Chaudhary: Datta fudged the accounts
Ganeshan: Datta is lying and Shrinivas is telling the truth
Panda: Samuel is lying

Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.

In calendar year 2008, there was turbulence in the air as Jet Airways' Chairman pondered what course of action the airline should take. Air India was also struggling with the same dilemma. Two of India’s largest airlines, Air India and Jet Airways, had sounded caution on their fiscal health due to mounting operational costs. A daily operational loss of 2 million USD (Rs 8.6 crore) had in fact forced Jet Airways to put its employees on alert. Jet’s senior General Manager had termed the situation as grave. Jet’s current losses were 2 million USD a day (including JetLite). The current rate of Jet Airways’ domestic losses was 0.5 million USD (Rs 2.15 crore) and that of JetLite was another 0.5 million. International business was losing over 1 million USD (Rs 4.30 crore) a day.

The situation was equally grave for other national carriers. Driven by mounting losses of almost Rs 10 crore a day, Air India, in its merged avatar, was considering severe cost cutting measures like slashing employee allowances, reducing in-flight catering expenses on short haul flights and restructuring functional arms. The airline also considered other options like cutting maintenance costs by stationing officers at hubs, instead of allowing them to travel at regular intervals.

Jet Airways, Air India and other domestic airlines had reasons to get worried, as 24 airlines across the world had gone bankrupt in the year on account of rising fuel costs. In India, operating costs had gone up 30-40%. Fuel prices had doubled in the past one year to Rs 70,000 per kilolitre, forcing airlines to increase fares. Consequently, passenger load had fallen to an average 55-60% per flight from previous year’s peak of 70-75%. Other airlines faced a similar situation; some were even looking for buyers. Domestic carriers had lost around Rs 4,000 crore in 2007-08 with Air India leading the pack. “As against 27% wage bill globally, our wage bill is 22% of total input costs. Even then we are at a loss," an Air India official said. Civil aviation ministry, however, had a different take: “Air India engineers go to Dubai every fortnight to work for 15 days and stay in five star hotels. If they are stationed there, the airline would save Rs 8 crore a year. This is just the tip of the iceberg. There are several things we can do to reduce operational inefficiency.” According to analysts, Jet Airways could be looking at a combined annual loss of around Rs 3,000 crore, if there were no improvement in operational efficiencies and ATF prices. Against this backdrop, the airline had asked its employees to raise the service bar and arrest falling passenger load.

Questions are based on a set of conditions. In answering some of the questions, it may be useful to draw a rough diagram. Choose the response that most accurately and completely answers each question.

In a local pet store, seven puppies wait to be introduced to their new owners. The puppies, named Ashlen, Blakely, Custard, Daffy, Earl, Fala and Gabino, are all kept in two available pens. Pen 1 holds three puppies, and pen 2 holds four puppies.

Conditions:
1. If Gabino is kept in pen 1, then Daffy is not kept in pen 2.
2. If Daffy is not kept in pen 2, then Gabino is kept in pen 1.
3. If Ashlen is kept in pen 2, then Blakely is not kept in pen 2.
4. If Blakely is kept in pen 1, then Ashlen is not kept in pen 1.

Analyse the following passage and answer the questions.

Some words are highly inflammable. Fusion is one of them. You can get two sets of people into a war mode by just uttering the words “fusion music”. One set will breathe fire and say it violates the purity of music: the other set will tell you earnestly that it opens the borders of music.

Analyse the following passage and provide an appropriate answer for the questions that follow.

When we speak of the “probability of death”, the exact meaning of the experience can be defined in the following way only. We must not think of an individual, but of a certain class as a whole, e.g., “all insured men forty-one years old living in a given country and not engaged in certain dangerous occupations.”

A probability of death is attached to the class of men or to another class that can be defined in a similar way. We can say nothing about the probability of death of an individual even if we know this condition of life and health in detail. The phrase “probability of death”, when it refers to a single person, has no meaning at all.

Analyse the following passage and provide an appropriate answer for the questions that follow.

One key element of Kantian ethics is the idea that the moral worth of any action relies entirely on the motivation of the agent: human behaviour cannot be said good or bad in light of the consequences it generates, but only with regard to what moved the agent to act in that particular way. Kant introduces the key concept of duty to clarify the rationale underpinning of his moral theory, by analysing different types of motivation. First of all, individuals commit actions that are really undertaken for the sake of duty itself, which is, done because the agent thinks they are the right thing to do. No consideration of purpose of the action matters, but only whether the action respects a universal moral law. Another form of action (motivation) originates from immediate inclination: Everyone has some inclinations, such as to preserve one's life, or to preserve honour. These are also duties that have worth in their own sake. But acting according to the maxim that these inclinations might suggest, such as taking care of one's own health - lacks for Kant true moral worth. For example, a charitable person who donates some goods to poor people might do it following her inclination to help the others - that is, because she enjoys helping the others. Kant does not consider it as moral motivation, even if the action is in conformity with duty. The person acting from duty would in fact do it to the other because she recognizes that helping the others is her moral obligation. Final type of motivation suggested by Kant include actions that can be done in conformity with duty, yet are not done from duty, but rather as a mean to some further end. In order to illustrate this type of motivation, Kant provides the following example. A shopkeeper who does not overcharge the inexperienced customer and treats all customers in the same way certainly is doing the right thing - that is, acts in conformity with duty - but we cannot say for sure that he is acting in this way because he is moved by the basic principles of honesty: “It is his advantage that requires it”. Moreover, we cannot say that he is moved by an immediate inclination toward his customers since he gives no preference to one with respect to another. Therefore, concludes Kant, “his action was done neither from duty nor from immediate inclination but merely for purposes of self-interest”.

Analyse the following passage and provide an appropriate answer for the questions that follow.

Fashion is different from custom, or rather is a particular species of it. That is not the fashion which everybody wears, but which those wear who are of a high rank, or character. The graceful, the easy, and the commanding manners of the great, joined to the usual richness and magnificence of their dress, give a grace to the very form which they happen to bestow upon it. As long as they continue to use this form, it is connected in our imaginations with the idea of something that is genteel and magnificent, and though in itself it should be indifferent, it seems, on account of this relation, to have something about it that is genteel and magnificent too. As soon as they drop it, it loses all the grace, which it had appeared to possess before, and being now used only by the inferior ranks of people, seems to have something of their meanness and awkwardness.

Analyse the following passage and provide an appropriate answer to the questions that follow.

Silver is especially and repetitively savage about what he sees as the extravagant claims made for particle physics, arguing that once the proton, neutron, and electron were found and their properties experimentally confirmed, the very expensive searches for ever more exotic particles, such as the Higgs Boson, were increasingly harder to justify other than by their importance to particle physicists. Most of the particles resemble ecstatic happiness: They are very short-lived and have nothing to do with everyday life. His repeated assault goes to the level of sarcasm: “Finding the Higgs Boson will be a magnificent technical and theoretical triumph. Like a great Bobby Fisher game.” Of course, this is a tad unfair, even if some of the claims of its practitioners invite such assaults on their field.

Analyse the following transcript (from the movie Matrix) and provide an appropriate answer for the questions that follow:

Neo: Morpheus, what's happened to me? What is this place?
Morpheus: More important than what is when.
Neo: When?
Morpheus: You believe it's the year 1999 when in fact it's closer to 2199. I can't tell you exactly what year it is because we honestly don't know. There's nothing I can say that will explain it for you, Neo. Come with me. See for yourself. This is my ship, the Nebuchadnezzar. It's a hovercraft. This is the main deck. This is the core where we broadcast our pirate signal and hack into the Matrix. Most of my crew you already know.

(Next Scene: Construct)

Morpheus: This is the construct. It's our loading programme. We can load anything from clothing, to equipment, weapons, training simulations, anything we need.
Neo: Right now we're inside a computer programme?
Morpheus: Is it really so hard to believe? Your clothes are different. The plugs in your arms and head are gone. Your hair is changed. Your appearance now is what we call residual self image. It is the mental projection of your digital self.
Neo: This... this isn't real?
Morpheus: What is real? How do you define real? If you're talking about what you can feel, what you can smell, what you can taste and see, then real is simply electrical signals interpreted by your brain.

...This is the world that you know. The world as it was at the end of the twentieth century. It exists now only as part of a neural-interactive simulation that we call the Matrix. You've been living in a dream world, Neo... This is the world as it exists today. Welcome to the Desert of the Real. We have only bits and pieces of information but what we know for certain is that at some point in the early twenty-first century all of mankind was united in celebration. We marvelled at our own magnificence as we gave birth to AI.
Neo: AI? You mean artificial intelligence?
Morpheus: A singular consciousness that spawned an entire race of machines. We don't know who struck first, us or them. But we know it was us that scorched the sky. At the time they were dependent on solar power and it was believed that they would be unable to survive without an energy source as abundant as the sun. Throughout human history, we have been dependent on machines to survive. Fate it seems is not without a sense of irony. The human body generates more bio-electricity than a 120-volt battery and over 25,000 BTU's of body heat. Combined with a form of fusion the machines have found all the energy they would ever need. There are fields, endless fields, where human beings are no longer born, we are grown. For the longest time I wouldn't believe it, and then I saw the fields with my own eyes. Watch them liquefy the dead so they could be fed intravenously to the living. And standing there, facing the pure horrifying precision, I came to realize the obviousness of the truth. What is the Matrix? Control. The Matrix is a computer generated dream world built to keep us under control in order to change a human being into this.
Neo: No. I don't believe it. It's not possible.
Morpheus: I didn't say it would be easy, Neo. I just said it would be the truth.
Neo: Stop. Let me out. Let me out. I want out.

The ratio of paint and oil in Tank A is 3: 4, whereas in Tank B, the respective ratio is 4: 5 . Then, 96 liters of a mixture consisting of paint and oil in the ratio of 5: 1 is added to Tank A, such that the respective ratio in Tank A becomes exactly the reverse of that in Tank B. Find the amount (in liters) of the mixture from Tank B that is poured into Tank A such that the amount of paint and water in Tank A become equal.

It is known that there was a tie in one of the rounds. When Yarsolav was eliminated, who was the 2nd most voted?

What was the number of votes secured by the person who was eliminated in round 5?

If repetition of digits is allowed, how many five-digit numbers less than 13000 are possible such that the product of the digits of the number is 96?

Direction: Read the following scenario and answer the questions that follow.
Riya, a brilliant young scientist, comes from a small town with limited resources and opportunities. Despite the challenges, Riya has always been passionate about scientific research and dreams of making groundbreaking discoveries. She excels in her studies and actively participates in science competitions, where she consistently wins accolades for her innovative projects. Riya's parents, although supportive, struggle to provide the financial means necessary to support her scientific pursuits. Determined to overcome these obstacles, Riya is ready to take the next steps towards achieving her dream.
Riya successfully conducts several groundbreaking experiments and gains recognition for her contributions to the scientific community. She now wants to expand her research and collaborate with other scientists from around the world. Which strategy would be most effective for Riya to achieve this?

Direction: Read the following scenario and answer the questions that follow.
Riya, a brilliant young scientist, comes from a small town with limited resources and opportunities. Despite the challenges, Riya has always been passionate about scientific research and dreams of making groundbreaking discoveries. She excels in her studies and actively participates in science competitions, where she consistently wins accolades for her innovative projects. Riya's parents, although supportive, struggle to provide the financial means necessary to support her scientific pursuits. Determined to overcome these obstacles, Riya is ready to take the next steps towards achieving her dream.
With her ingenuity and determination, Riya finds a way to attract international collaborators and establish herself as a respected scientist in her field. However, she realises that her research findings are not effectively reaching the general public. To increase awareness and foster public interest in scientific research, which of the following options would be most beneficial for Riya?

Direction: Read the following scenario and answer the questions that follow.
Rahul is the CEO of a multinational corporation that operates in a country where discrimination based on caste is prevalent. Rahul has been urged by stakeholders to address the underrepresentation of individuals from marginalised castes in the company's workforce. However, Rahul is hesitant and unsure about the benefits and feasibility of actively promoting diversity in this regard.
The following arguments are presented to Rahul about the benefits of hiring individuals from lower castes:
1) Individuals from marginalised castes bring diverse perspectives, experiences, and cultural insights, which can foster innovation and creativity within the organisation.
2) Hiring individuals from marginalised castes can help reduce societal inequalities by providing them with opportunities for economic mobility and social upward mobility.
3) Creating an inclusive work environment that promotes diversity can attract top talent from all backgrounds, leading to a more competitive and successful organisation.
4) Individuals from marginalised castes often possess resilience, determination, and a strong work ethic due to the challenges they have faced, making them valuable assets to the company.
5) Promoting diversity and social inclusion can improve the company's reputation, enhance brand image, and attract a wider customer base.
From the above arguments, which of the following options indicate that Rahul's apprehensions are misplaced?

Direction: Read the following scenario and answer the questions that follow.
Rahul is the CEO of a multinational corporation that operates in a country where discrimination based on caste is prevalent. Rahul has been urged by stakeholders to address the underrepresentation of individuals from marginalised castes in the company's workforce. However, Rahul is hesitant and unsure about the benefits and feasibility of actively promoting diversity in this regard.
Despite Rahul's efforts to promote diversity and inclusivity, some employees continue to exhibit discriminatory behaviour towards their colleagues from marginalised castes. The following actions are recommended to Rahul.
1) Implementing a zero-tolerance policy for discrimination and providing clear guidelines on appropriate behaviour.
2) Conducting diversity and inclusion training sessions for all employees to raise awareness and foster a respectful work environment.
3) Encouraging open communication channels where employees can report incidents of discrimination or harassment.
4) Establishing a grievance redressal committee to investigate and take appropriate actions against discriminatory behaviour.
5) Celebrating cultural festivals and organising events that highlight the contributions of employees from diverse backgrounds. Which of these actions represent the BEST combination of one positive and one punitive measure?

Direction: Read the following scenario and answer the questions that follow. XYZ Hospital, a renowned healthcare facility, has been facing significant challenges in providing quality healthcare services due to a shortage of doctors. The hospital administration is deeply concerned about the impact on patient care and is determined to find effective Solutions. They have analysed the situation and identified some key factors contributing to the shortage.
Firstly, the hospital has experienced a surge in patient demand and a growing population in the surrounding area, resulting in increased pressure on the existing medical staff. Secondly, the hospital is located in a remote region, making it less attractive for doctors seeking career opportunities in urban areas. Lastly, the retirement of several senior doctors in the coming years will exacerbate the shortage and the loss of valuable expertise.
To address these challenges and ensure the efficient delivery of healthcare services, the hospital administration is considering different strategies and recruitment options.
Which of the following strategies should XYZ Hospital adopt to address the shortage of doctors and maintain quality healthcare services?

Direction: Read the following scenario and answer the questions that follow.
XYZ Hospital, a renowned healthcare facility, has been facing significant challenges in providing quality healthcare services due to a shortage of doctors. The hospital administration is deeply concerned about the impact on patient care and is determined to find effective Solutions. They have analysed the situation and identified some key factors contributing to the shortage.
Firstly, the hospital has experienced a surge in patient demand and a growing population in the surrounding area, resulting in increased pressure on the existing medical staff. Secondly, the hospital is located in a remote region, making it less attractive for doctors seeking career opportunities in urban areas. Lastly, the retirement of several senior doctors in the coming years will exacerbate the shortage and the loss of valuable expertise.
To address these challenges and ensure the efficient delivery of healthcare services, the hospital administration is considering different strategies and recruitment options.
In order to ensure the highest level of patient satisfaction and quality care, which of the following factors should XYZ Hospital prioritise when recruiting new doctors?

Direction: Read the following scenario and answer the questions that follow.
XYZ Hospital, a renowned healthcare facility, has been facing significant challenges in providing quality healthcare services due to a shortage of doctors. The hospital administration is deeply concerned about the impact on patient care and is determined to find effective Solutions. They have analysed the situation and identified some key factors contributing to the shortage.
Firstly, the hospital has experienced a surge in patient demand and a growing population in the surrounding area, resulting in increased pressure on the existing medical staff. Secondly, the hospital is located in a remote region, making it less attractive for doctors seeking career opportunities in urban areas. Lastly, the retirement of several senior doctors in the coming years will exacerbate the shortage and the loss of valuable expertise.
To address these challenges and ensure the efficient delivery of healthcare services, the hospital administration is considering different strategies and recruitment options.
XYZ Hospital wants to reduce patient waiting times and improve efficiency in its operations. Which of the following strategies should the hospital consider implementing?

Direction: Read the following scenario and answer the questions that follow.
Nimit has been associated with Superb Coaching Classes (SCC. as an independent trainer for the past ten years. He signs a yearly contract with SCC every year in April. According to the contract signed in April 2022, Nimit was being paid Rs. 1,50,000 per month as per the minimum guarantee of 100 hours per month @Rs. 1500 per hour. At the end of the year, Nimit was asked to pay Rs. 2,25,000 as SSC could not provide 100 classes per month to Nimit. Overall there was a deficit of 150 hours out of a total of 1200 hours in the years.
When Nimit checked his contract, he found that there is no clause for payment in case of deficit in the number of hours. He approached the HR department at SCC and told them that he is not liable to pay. The HR department does not take it well and tells him that his contract won’t be renewed for the next year if he doesn’t pay Rs. 2,25,000. Which of the following will be the MOST beneficial course of action for Nimit?

Direction: Read the following scenario and answer the questions that follow.
Vipul is working with the operations department at Awsum Ventures. He reports to Suresh, who heads the operations department. Seven months ago Suresh got married to Reena, who is Vipul’s counterpart. After the marriage, Vipul realised that Suresh used to ask him to finish all the tasks Reena could not handle and therefore, he started feeling overburdened. Vipul tried talking to Suresh about the issue but received a cold response.
What should Vipul do?