List of practice Questions

How will you prepare the following compounds from benzene?You may use any inorganic reagent and any organic reagent having not more than one carbon atom
(i)Methyl benzoate 
(ii) m-Nitrobenzoic acid 
(iii)p-Nitrobenzoic acid 
(iv)Phenylacetic acid 
(v)p-Nitrobenzaldehyde.

Mention the factors that affect the rate of a chemical reaction.

The decomposition of dimethyl ether leads to the formation of CH4, H2 and CO and the reaction rate is given by 
\(Rate = k [CH_3OCH_3]^{\frac 32}\)
The rate of reaction is followed by increase in pressure in a closed vessel, so the rate can also be expressed in terms of the partial pressure of dimethyl ether, i.e., 
\(Rate = k(p_{CH_3OCH_3})^{\frac 32}\)
If the pressure is measured in bar and time in minutes, then what are the units of rate and rate constants?

The decomposition of NH3 on platinum surface is zero order reaction. What are the rates of production of N2 and H2 if k = 2.5 x 10-4 mol-1Ls-1?

Give simple chemical tests to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds.
(i)Propanal and Propanone 
(ii)Acetophenone and Benzophenone
(iii)Phenol and Benzoic acid
(iv)Benzoic acid and Ethyl benzoate
(v)Pentan-2-one and Pentan-3-one 
(vi)Benzaldehyde and Acetophenone
(vii)Ethanal and Propanal
 

For the reaction:
\(2A + B → A_2B\)
the rate = k[A][B]2 with k= 2.0 x 10-6 mol-2L2s-1. Calculate the initial rate of the reaction when [A] = 0.1 mol L-1, [B] = 0.2 mol L-1. Calculate the rate of reaction after [A] is reduced to 0.06 mol L-1.

A polythene piece rubbed with wool is found to have a negative charge of \(3 × 10^{−7} C\). 
(a) Estimate the number of electrons transferred (from which to which?) 
(b) Is there a transfer of mass from wool to polythene?

From the rate expression for the following reactions, determine their order of reaction and the dimensions of the rate constants.

  1. 3NO(g) \(\to\) N2O (g) Rate = k[NO]2
  2. H2O2 (aq) + 3I−(aq) + 2H+ \(\to\) 2H2O(l) + I3-  Rate = k[H2O2][I−]
  3. CH3CHO(g) \(\to\) CH4(g) + CO(g)  Rate = k [CH3CHO]\(\frac 32\)
  4. C2H5Cl(g) \(\to\) C2H4(g) + HCl(g)  Rate = k [C2H5Cl]

An organic compound(A)(molecular formula\( C_8H_{16}O_2\))was hydrolysed with dilute sulphuric acid to give a carboxylic acid(B)and an alcohol(C).Oxidation of(C)with chromic acid produced (B).(C)on dehydration gives \(but-1-ene\).Write equations for the reactions involved.
 

Write structural formulas and names of four possible aldol condensation products from propanal and butanal.In each case,indicate which aldehyde acts as nucleophile and which as electrophile.
 

How will you convert ethanal into the following compounds?
(i) Butane-1, 3-diol
(ii) But-2-enal
(iii) But-2-enoic acid

Write down the IUPAC name for each of the following complexes and indicate the oxidation state, electronic configuration and coordination number. Also give stereochemistry and magnetic moment of the complex:
\((i) K[Cr(H_2O)_2(C_2O_4)_2].3H_2O\)
\((ii)[Co(NH_3)_5Cl]Cl_2\)
\((iii) CrCl_3(py)_3\)
\((iv) Cs[FeCl_4]\)
\((v)K_4[Mn(CN)_6]\)

Discuss the nature of bonding in the following coordination entities on the basis of valence bond theory: 
\((i) [Fe(CN)_6]^{4-} \)
\((ii) [FeF_6]^{3-}\)
\((iii) [Co(C_2O_4)_3]^{3-} \)
\((iv) [CoF_6]^{3-}\)
Let $X$, $Y$, $Z$ be subsets of $U$, where $n(U) = 35$, $n(X) = 15$, $n(Y) = 22$, $n(Z) = 14$ and $n(X \cap Y) = 11$, $n(Y \cap Z) = 8$, $n(X \cap Z) = 5$, $n(X \cap Y \cap Z) = 3$ then $n(X \cup Y \cup Z)'$ equals
The vapour pressure of water is 12.3 kPa at 300 K. Calculate vapour pressure of 1 molal solution of a non-volatile solute in it
Heptane and octane form an ideal solution. At 373 K, the vapour pressures of the two liquid components are 105.2 kPa and 46.8 kPa respectively. What will be the vapour pressure of a mixture of 26.0 g of heptane and 35 g of octane?
An aqueous solution of \(2\%\) non-volatile solute exerts a pressure of 1.004 bar at the normal boiling point of the solvent. What is the molar mass of the solute?

Draw structures of the following derivatives. 
(i)The 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone of benzaldehyde 
(ii)Cyclopropanone oxime 
(iii)Acetaldehydedimethylacetal 
(iv)The semicarbazone of cyclobutanone 
(v)The ethylene ketal of hexan-3-one 
(vi)The methyl hemiacetal of formaldehyde

Give equations of the following reactions:(i)Oxidation of propane-1-ol with alkaline KMnO4 solution.
(ii)Bromine in CS2 with phenol.
(iii)Dilute HNO3 with phenol.
(iv)Treating phenol with chloroform in the presence of aqueous NaOH

Explain how does the –OH group attached to a carbon of benzene ring activate it towards electrophilic substitution?

Write the important structural and functional differences between DNA and RNA.
What is the difference between a nucleoside and a nucleotide ?

Give two reactions that show the acidic nature of phenol. Compare the acidity of phenol with that of ethanol.
The acidic nature of phenol can be represented by the following two reactions:

What are nucleic acids ? Mention their two important functions.
The partial pressure of ethane over a solution containing \(6.56 × 10^{–3} g\) of ethane is 1 bar. If the solution contains \(5.00 × 10^{–2} g\) of ethane, then what shall be the partial pressure of the gas?