Question:
Draw structures of the following derivatives.
(i)The 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone of benzaldehyde
(ii)Cyclopropanone oxime
(iii)Acetaldehydedimethylacetal
(iv)The semicarbazone of cyclobutanone
(v)The ethylene ketal of hexan-3-one
(vi)The methyl hemiacetal of formaldehyde
Draw structures of the following derivatives.
(i)The 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone of benzaldehyde
(ii)Cyclopropanone oxime
(iii)Acetaldehydedimethylacetal
(iv)The semicarbazone of cyclobutanone
(v)The ethylene ketal of hexan-3-one
(vi)The methyl hemiacetal of formaldehyde
Updated On: June 02, 2025
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Solution and Explanation
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(vi)
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Concepts Used:
Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids - Nomenclature
Aldehydes:
- The acyclic and aliphatic aldehydes are firstly named after their longest carbon chain. In this “al” is attached to the suffix.
- When the aldehyde functional group is suppressed in a ring compound, the “carbaldehyde” suffix is used.
- For natural carboxylic acids, the “oxo'' prefix is used to highlight the carbon which is involved in the aldehyde functional group.
Ketones:
- In the case of ketones, the parent alkane’s name is taken into consideration. In this “anone” suffix is attached to it.
- The carbonyl group’s position is represented by a particular number while giving a particular name to the ketone.
- The name of the alkyl groups that are linked to the carbonyl compound is included in the nomenclature.
Carboxylic Acids:
- Carboxylic acids are named by the addition of the suffix an “oic acid” to the parent carbon chain.
- Even if other substituents are present, the carboxylic acid will be considered at the first (primary) position of the parent carbon chain.
- The carboxylic group can also be utilized as a substituent in the parent carbon chain.
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