This reaction is an example of the Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction, which involves the introduction of an acyl group into an aromatic ring using an acyl chloride in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst such as anhydrous AlCl3.
In this reaction, benzene reacts with benzoyl chloride (C6H5COCl) in the presence of AlCl3 to form benzophenone as the major product.
The catalyst AlCl3 facilitates the formation of an acylium ion (C6H5CO+) from benzoyl chloride by forming an ionic complex.
The acylium ion, a powerful electrophile, attacks the π-electron-rich benzene ring.
This leads to the formation of a resonance-stabilized carbocation intermediate.
The aromaticity of the benzene ring is restored by the loss of a proton, resulting in the formation of benzophenone (C6H5COC6H5).
Thus, the major product P is benzophenone.
Hence, the correct answer is: Option 4.
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The reaction is an example of Friedel-Crafts acylation. The acylium ion (\(\text{RCO}^+\)) generated by the reaction of acyl chloride with \(\text{AlCl}_3\) acts as an electrophile and attacks benzene to form the acylated product.
\[ 6(-C=O)-C=O \]
Thus, the major product is:
\[ P = 6(-C=O)(-COPh) \]
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