The presence of the hydroxyl group makes phenol highly reactive to electrophilic substitution, resulting in tribromination in the ortho and para positions.
When phenol reacts with bromine in carbon disulfide (CS\(_2\)), an electrophilic substitution reaction occurs, where the hydroxyl group (OH) activates the ring towards substitution at the ortho and para positions. The major product is 2,4,6-Tribromophenol, as bromine atoms are added at the ortho and para positions relative to the hydroxyl group. \[ \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{OH} + 3\text{Br}_2 \xrightarrow{\text{CS}_2} \text{C}_6\text{H}_2\text{Br}_3\text{OH} \]
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