List of top Physics Questions on Nuclei

The mass defect in a particular reaction is $0.4 \, \text{g}$. The amount of energy liberated is $n \times 10^7 \, \text{kWh}$, where $n =$ _____. (speed of light $= 3 \times 10^8 \, \text{m/s}$)

The disintegration energy $Q$ for the nuclear fission of $^{235}\text{U} \to ^{140}\text{Ce} + ^{94}\text{Zr} + n$ is _____ MeV.
Given atomic masses:
\[^{235}\text{U} = 235.0439 \, u, \quad ^{140}\text{Ce} = 139.9054 \, u, \quad ^{94}\text{Zr} = 93.9063 \, u, \quad n = 1.0086 \, u\]Value of $c^2 = 931 \, \text{MeV/u}$.

Differentiate between nuclear fission and fusion.

Draw the graph showing the variation of scattered particles detected ($N$) with the scattering angle ($\theta$) in the Geiger-Marsden experiment. Write two conclusions that you can draw from this graph. Obtain the expression for the distance of closest approach in this experiment.

A nucleus has mass number $A_1$ and volume $V_1$. Another nucleus has mass number $A_2$ and volume $V_2$. If the relation between mass numbers is $A_2 = 4A_1$, then $\frac{V_2}{V_1} =$ _______.

The mass number of nucleus having radius equal to half of the radius of nucleus with mass number 192 is:

A nucleus at rest disintegrates into two smaller nuclei with their masses in the ratio of 2:1. After disintegration they will move

In a nuclear fission reaction of an isotope of mass $M$, three similar daughter nuclei of the same mass are formed. The speed of a daughter nuclei in terms of mass defect $\Delta M$ will be:

Assertion :
The binding energy of the nucleus increases with the increase in atomic number. 
Reason :
Heavier elements have a greater number of non-radioactive isotopes than radioactive isotopes.

The half-life of radioactive radon is 3.8 days. The time at the end of which $\frac{1}{20}th$ of the Radon sample will remain undecayed is (given log₁₀^e=0.4343)

Choose the correct statements:
(A) A nuclide is represented as $^Z_AX$
(B) Nuclids with same number of protons are called isotopes
(C) a-ray scattering experiments allow determination of the nuclear radius
(D) Nuclids with same number of neutrons are called isotones
(E) The nuclear force distinguishes between neutron and proton
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Match List I with List II

List-I		List-II
(A)	To slow down fast moving neutrons	(I)	Thermal neutrons
(B)	A neutron or a proton	(II)	Fission
(C)	Slow neutrons	(III)	Moderator
(D)	Neutron induced nuclear reaction	(IV)	Nucleon

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

The ratio of the density of oxygen nucleus $\left({ }_8^{16} O \right)$ and helium nucleus $\left({ }_2^4 He \right)$ is

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion $A$ and the other is labelled as Reason $R$
Assertion (A): The nuclear density of nuclides ${ }_5^{10} B ,{ }_3^6 Li ,{ }_{26}^{56} Fe ,{ }_{10}^{20} Ne$ and ${ }_{83}^{209} Bi$ can be arranged as $\rho_{ Bi }^N>\rho_{ Fe }^N>\rho_{ Ne }^N>\rho_{ B }^N>\rho_{ Li }^N$.
Reason R: The radius $R$ of nucleus is related to its mass number $A$ as $R=R_0 A^{1 / 3}$, where $R_0$ is a constant.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below

The mass of proton, neutron and helium nucleus are respectively $10073\, u$, $10087\, u$ and $40015\, u$ The binding energy of helium nucleus is:

Assume that protons and neutrons have equal masses Mass of a mucleon is $16 \times 10^{-27} kg$ and radius of nucleus is $15 \times 10^{-15} A ^{1 / 3} m$ The approximate ratio of the nuclear density and water density is $n \times 10^{13}$ The value of $n$ is ___

A nucleus disintegrates into two smaller parts, which have their velocities in the ratio $3: 2$ The ratio of their nuclear sizes will be $\left(\frac{x}{3}\right)^{\frac{1}{3}}$ The value of ' $x$ ' is:-

A radioactive nucleus decays by two different process The half life of the first process is 5 minutes and that of the second process is $30 s$. The effective half-life of the nucleus is calculated to be $\frac{\alpha}{11}$ s The value of $\alpha$ is _______

Nucleus $A$ having $Z=17$ and equal number of protons and neutrons has $12 MeV$ binding energy per nucleonAnother nucleus $B$ of $Z=12$ has total 26 nucleons and $18 MeV$ binding energy per nucleons The difference of binding energy of $B$ and $A$ will be ___$MeV$

Consider the following radioactive decay process ${ }_{84}^{218} A \xrightarrow{\alpha} A_1 \xrightarrow{\beta^{-}}A_2 \xrightarrow{\gamma} A_3 \xrightarrow{\alpha} A_4 \xrightarrow{\beta^{+}} A_5 \xrightarrow{\gamma}A_6$ The mass number and the atomic number of $A_6$ are given by:

After 4 hours,$\frac{1}{16}$ of the initial amount of a certain radioactive isotype remains undecayed. What is the half life of the isotope?