Question

For handling multiple input, multiple output system _______ is used.

• A. State variable approach
• B. Bode plot
• C. Nyquist plot
• D. Root locus technique

Hint:

For MIMO systems, use state-space models (state-variable approach), not frequency-domain plots.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

MIMO systems (Multiple-Input, Multiple-Output) have multiple inputs and multiple outputs, which makes transfer function-based methods like Bode or Nyquist insufficient.

The state variable approach uses:
\[ \begin{aligned} \dot{x}(t) &= A x(t) + B u(t) \\ y(t) &= C x(t) + D u(t) \end{aligned} \]

Why State Variable?
- Handles multiple inputs/outputs naturally.
- Applicable to time-varying and nonlinear systems.
- Enables simulation and controllability/observability analysis.

Other options are incorrect:
Bode, Nyquist, and Root Locus are mainly for SISO (Single-Input, Single-Output) systems.