Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R)
Assertion (A): The first ionization enthalpy of $3d$ series elements is more than that of group 2 metals
Reason (R): In $3d$ series of elements successive filling of d-orbitals takes place
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :

On decreasing the 𝑝H from 7 to 2, the solubility of a sparingly soluble salt (MX) of a weak acid (HX) increased from 10⁻⁴ mol L⁻¹ to 10⁻³mol L⁻¹. The 𝑝Ka of HX is

The column of a solution of 0.05 mol L$^{-1}$ NaOH has diameter 2.0 cm and length 100 cm. The resistance of the column of solution is 5.55 $\times$ 10$^3$ ohm. Calculate its resistivity, conductivity and molar conductivity.

Explain the following:
(i) NCl$_3$ occurs but NCl$_5$ does not. Why?
(ii) Why are halogens strong oxidising agents?

Find the osmotic pressure of $\dfrac{M}{10}$ urea solution at 27$^\circ$C. (R = 0.0821 litre atm K$^{-1}$ mol$^{-1}$)

Write short notes on the following:
(i) Aldol condensation
(ii) Decarboxylation
(iii) Cannizzaro reaction

How will you obtain Benzoic Acid from the following?
(i) Toluene
(ii) Benzamide
(iii) Ethyl benzoate

Write the formulae of the following coordination compounds on the basis of I.U.P.A.C. rules:
(i) Dichloridobis(ethane-1,2-diamine)cobalt(III) chloride
(ii) Iron(III) hexacyanidoferrate(II)

At 298 K write Nernst equation for the following cell – Ni $\vert$ Ni$^{2+}$ (0.01 M) $\Vert$ Cu$^{2+}$ (0.1 M) $\vert$ Cu. If the emf of the above cell ($E_{cell}$) is 0.59 V then calculate the standard emf of the cell ($E^\circ_{cell}$)

The concentration of the solution of glucose in water is 10% (w/w). If the density of this solution is 1.20 g mL$^{-1}$, then calculate –
(i) Molality
(ii) Molarity
(iii) Mole fraction of each component in solution

The velocity constant for the first order reaction is $6.93 \times 10^{-3}$ min$^{-1}$. Calculate the half-life of this reaction.

Which one of the ions Fe$^{2+}$ and Fe$^{3+}$ is more paramagnetic and why?

How will you obtain the following:
(i) Diethyl ether from Sodium ethoxide
(ii) Benzyl alcohol from Benzyl chloride
(iii) Propan-1-ol from Ethyl Magnesium bromide

Write short notes on the following:
(A) Wurtz–Fittig Reaction
(B) Fittig’s Reaction