Question:

Among the following, the correct statements are
I. CCl\(_4\) is an electron-precise molecule
II. SnF\(_4\), PbF\(_4\) are ionic in nature
III. All tetrahalides of group 14 elements are easily hydrolyzed
IV. PbO, PbO\(_2\) are amphoteric in nature

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CCl\(_4\) is covalent and inert to hydrolysis, but PbO and PbO\(_2\) show amphoteric behavior.
Updated On: May 19, 2025
  • I, III, IV only
  • II, III, IV only
  • I, II, IV only
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The Correct Option is C

Approach Solution - 1

- I. True – CCl\(_4\) has 8 electrons around carbon, making it electron precise.
- II. True – SnF\(_4\) and PbF\(_4\) are ionic due to the small size and high electronegativity of fluorine.
- III. False – Tetrahalides of heavier group 14 elements like CCl\(_4\) are not easily hydrolyzed (CCl\(_4\) resists hydrolysis).
- IV. True – Both PbO and PbO\(_2\) show amphoteric behavior.
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Approach Solution -2

Among the following, the correct statements are:

I. CCl₄ is an electron-precise molecule
II. SnF₄, PbF₄ are ionic in nature
III. All tetrahalides of group 14 elements are easily hydrolyzed
IV. PbO, PbO₂ are amphoteric in nature

Step 1: Analyze Statement I – "CCl₄ is an electron-precise molecule":
CCl₄ (carbon tetrachloride) consists of a carbon atom forming four single covalent bonds with chlorine atoms. Carbon uses its four valence electrons to form these bonds, completing its octet. There are no extra or deficient electrons.
Hence, this molecule is electron-precise.
→ Statement I is correct.

Step 2: Analyze Statement II – "SnF₄, PbF₄ are ionic in nature":
Tin(IV) fluoride (SnF₄) and lead(IV) fluoride (PbF₄) are known to have a high degree of ionic character, especially due to the high electronegativity of fluorine. Among group 14 tetrahalides, fluorides are often more ionic compared to chlorides or bromides.
→ Statement II is correct.

Step 3: Analyze Statement III – "All tetrahalides of group 14 elements are easily hydrolyzed":
This is not universally true. While many tetrahalides like SiCl₄ and SnCl₄ are easily hydrolyzed by water, CCl₄ is not hydrolyzed due to the absence of d-orbitals in carbon. Thus, hydrolysis behavior varies across the group.
→ Statement III is incorrect.

Step 4: Analyze Statement IV – "PbO, PbO₂ are amphoteric in nature":
Amphoteric oxides can act as both acids and bases. Both PbO (lead(II) oxide) and PbO₂ (lead(IV) oxide) show amphoteric behavior, reacting with both acids and bases.
→ Statement IV is correct.

Final Answer:
\[ \boxed{\text{I, II, IV only}} \]
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