List of top Legal Studies Questions asked in CBSE Class Twelve Board Exam

“Most accused persons do not lead defence evidence in India.” Identify the reason for this from the options given below.

Statement 1: The Evidence Law helps the judges to separate the ‘Wheat from the Chaff’.
Statement 2: The function of the law of evidence is to provide a mechanism for the investigation and trial of offenders.

Sunil and Asha are co-founders of a tech-startup. Recently they had a contractual disagreement with their software vendor regarding the delivery timeline of a critical project. Sunil insisted on filing a lawsuit, whereas Asha suggested resolution by appointing a neutral third party who could facilitate the parties in achieving an acceptable, voluntary agreement. Sunil agreed and their matter was resolved within two weeks.
(i) Identify the method of dispute resolution adopted by Sunil and Asha.
(ii) Give any two advantages of adopting alternate dispute resolution mechanism by the parties.

A nation engages in human rights violations within its own borders, including acts of genocide against a specific ethnic group. Under erga omnes obligations, what are the legal responsibilities of the international community, even if there is no direct threat to neighbouring states?

Explain the principle of judicial review.

An advantage of ............ is that there is no strict application of the procedural laws and the disputing parties can directly interact with the judges.

Omega Builders and Delta Constructions have a dispute over project delays. The court suggests mediation, but Omega Builders is unsure if their case qualifies. According to the Afcons Infrastructure Ltd. vs. Cherian Varley Construction Co. ruling, which disputes are generally excluded from mediation?

Assertion (A): The Solicitor Regulation Authority (SRA) does not impose any formal experience requirement for requalifying as solicitor in England and Wales.
Reasoning (R): It is not possible to be a barrister and solicitor.
Choose the correct option:

Mei Ling is a practicing lawyer in Hong Kong. She is considering launching a marketing campaign to attract more clients. Which of the following is a feasible option for her?

Assertion (A): A Senior Advocate is not entitled to appear in the Supreme Court without an Advocate-on-record.
Reasoning (R): Advocates-on-record are entitled to file an appearance or act for a party in the Supreme Court.

Statement 1: Opinio juris prevents unwanted general practice from becoming customary law.
Statement 2: Opinio juris is the belief that an action was carried out as a legal obligation.
Choose the correct option:

Raj signs a contract to perform at a music festival. A few days before the festival, Raj develops a severe illness and doctors advise him complete rest. He misses the performance. Organisers of the event had to cut a sorry figure as Raj’s performance was the highlight of the music festival.
Which of the given statements best describes Raj’s inability to perform at the festival?

In a criminal trial in a country in continental Europe, the judge, Judge Helena plays an active role in investigating the case. She questions the witnesses, evaluates the evidences presented by the parties and orders additional forensic tests. The defense lawyer, Mr. Jameson, expresses concern that the judge’s active involvement in the investigation may undermine the fairness of the trial.
In the given content, identify the probable disadvantage of the justice dispensation system that is concerning for the defense lawyer.

Ravi, at a local market, was involved in an argument with Mohan over a disputed transaction. In the heat of the argument, Ravi suddenly pushed Mohan forcefully, causing Mohan to stumble backward and fall. Mohan suffered a minor injury to his back as a result of the fall. Mohan believes that Ravi’s action was an intentional physical contact that resulted in harm, and he is considering suing Ravi for the tort of battery.
Which of the following statements is correct regarding the tort of battery in this case?

A company, XYZ Corp., operates a large dam to generate electricity. Due to an unforeseen design flaw the dam suddenly bursts, causing massive flooding in a nearby town. The company had taken all standard safety measures and had no knowledge of the design flaw. The affected residents sue the company for damages.
Which of the following is applicable in this instance?

Mohan lends his rare antique vase to his friend Sumit for a week. Instead of returning it, Sumit accidentally drops and shatters the vase while showing it to another friend. When Mohan asks for his vase to be returned, Sumit apologizes but says there is nothing he can do now that the vase is destroyed. Mohan decides to take legal action. Identify the legal claim he should pursue?

Neha, a photographer, takes a beautiful photograph of a sunset and posts it on her personal blog. A local travel magazine uses the image without Neha’s permission. The publishers credit Neha as the photographer but do not pay her or seek her consent. Neha considers taking legal action against the magazine. In this context which of the following options is correct?

From the options given below, which statement accurately describes the process of property registration in India?

Arjun, at the request of the local community leader, builds a playground for the children in his neighborhood, spending a considerable amount of his own money. Later, Ravi, a local snack vendor, sets up a stall near the playground to sell snacks to children and promises to give Arjun 10% of his profits from all sales as a token of appreciation for building the playground. However, Ravi fails to pay Arjun the promised percentage, and Arjun decides to take legal action to recover it.
Based on contract law principles, which of the following is correct?

A High Court in India issues a verdict in a complex property dispute, which left one party dissatisfied with the decision. The aggrieved party now seeks to approach the Supreme Court for special leave to appeal. Under Article 136, the Supreme Court can grant special leave to appeal against any judgement, decree or order in any matter passed by:

Assertion (A): Any public-spirited person can file petition or write letters to court on behalf of aggrieved persons.
Reason (R): Courts have liberalized the doctrine of locus standi of the enforcement of fundamental rights through Public Interest Litigations (PILs).

In a landmark case, the Supreme Court was handling a highly technical environmental dispute involving multiple stakeholders and scientific complexities. Given the intricate details of environmental policies and scientific evidence, the Court appointed an amicus curiae, an expert in environmental law and science, to assist by providing impartial information and insights on the matter. The amicus curiae made recommendations based on international standards, which helped the Court in reaching its final decision.
Based on the concept of amicus curiae, which of the following statements is correct?