According to the Afcons Infrastructure Ltd. vs. Cherian Varley Construction Co. ruling, mediation is generally not applicable for disputes involving criminal offenses because such cases require formal legal proceedings and cannot be resolved through alternative dispute resolution methods like mediation. Mediation is more suited for civil disputes such as commercial contracts, matrimonial issues, and consumer disputes.
Option (A) Commercial contract disputes can be mediated.
Option (B) Matrimonial and custody issues are often resolved through mediation.
Option (C) Criminal offenses are excluded from mediation due to their serious legal nature.
Option (D) Consumer disputes can be subject to mediation.