The waves emitted when a metal target is bombarded with high-energy electrons are:
- X-ray
- Infrared
- Microwaves
- Radiowave
The Correct Option is A
Approach Solution - 1
X-rays have higher frequencies and shorter wavelengths compared to the other options listed. As electromagnetic waves, they are situated in the high-frequency end of the electromagnetic spectrum, above ultraviolet light. Therefore, X-rays have more energy and higher electromagnetic frequencies compared to infrared, microwaves, and radio waves.
So, the correct option is (A): X-rays.
Approach Solution -2
When high-energy electrons are bombarded onto a metal target, they decelerate upon interaction with the target's atoms. This deceleration results in the emission of electromagnetic radiation known as X-rays.
Explanation: - The interaction between high-energy electrons and the nuclei of atoms causes the electrons to lose energy, which is emitted in the form of X-rays. - This phenomenon is the basis of X-ray production in X-ray tubes, widely used in medical and industrial imaging.
Final Answer: The waves emitted are: \[ \boxed{\text{X-rays}}. \]
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Concepts Used:
Electromagnetic waves
The waves that are produced when an electric field comes into contact with a magnetic field are known as Electromagnetic Waves or EM waves. The constitution of an oscillating magnetic field and electric fields gives rise to electromagnetic waves.
Types of Electromagnetic Waves:
Electromagnetic waves can be grouped according to the direction of disturbance in them and according to the range of their frequency. Recall that a wave transfers energy from one point to another point in space. That means there are two things going on: the disturbance that defines a wave, and the propagation of wave. In this context the waves are grouped into the following two categories:
- Longitudinal waves: A wave is called a longitudinal wave when the disturbances in the wave are parallel to the direction of propagation of the wave. For example, sound waves are longitudinal waves because the change of pressure occurs parallel to the direction of wave propagation.
- Transverse waves: A wave is called a transverse wave when the disturbances in the wave are perpendicular (at right angles) to the direction of propagation of the wave.