Question

State any three characteristics of electromagnetic waves.

Hint:

Displacement current is not a real current of moving charges; it accounts for the changing electric field in regions like the gap between capacitor plates and ensures current continuity in Maxwell's equations.

Answer 1

Characteristics of Electromagnetic Waves: \begin{itemize}
Electromagnetic (EM) waves are transverse waves consisting of time-varying electric and magnetic fields that are perpendicular to each other and to the direction of wave propagation.
They do not require any medium for propagation and can travel through a vacuum.
The speed of EM waves in vacuum is \( c = 3 \times 10^8 \ \text{m/s} \). \end{itemize}