In the modern periodic table, elements are arranged in periods (rows) based on their atomic numbers. To determine which element does not belong to the same period as the others, we need to identify the periods of the given elements:
The elements Iridium, Osmium, and Platinum are all in period 6. Palladium, however, is in period 5, making it the element that does not belong to the same period as the others. Therefore, Palladium is the correct answer.