When comparing bond dissociation energies:
• Consider bond length: shorter bonds generally have higher bond energy.
• Check for lone pair-lone pair repulsions, which can weaken bonds, as seen in F2.
Cl2
I2
F2
Br2
- Bond dissociation energy is the energy required to break a bond in a molecule. - The bond energy order for halogens is:
\(Cl_2 > Br_2 > F_2 > I_2.\)
- Although F2 has a shorter bond length than Cl2, the bond energy of F2 is lower due to lone pair-lone pair repulsions. - Cl2 has the highest bond dissociation energy as it has the optimal bond length and no significant repulsions.
The following data were obtained for the reaction: \[ 2NO(g) + O_2(g) \rightarrow 2N_2O(g) \] at different concentrations:
The rate law of this reaction is:
Let $ P_n = \alpha^n + \beta^n $, $ n \in \mathbb{N} $. If $ P_{10} = 123,\ P_9 = 76,\ P_8 = 47 $ and $ P_1 = 1 $, then the quadratic equation having roots $ \alpha $ and $ \frac{1}{\beta} $ is: