Initiates Action: Planning, organising, and staffing are preparatory functions, while directing initiates real performance.
Takes Place at Every Level: Managers at all levels — top, middle, and supervisory — perform directing in varying degrees.
Continuous Process: It is not a one-time activity, but continues throughout the organisation’s life.
Flows from Top to Bottom: Instructions and guidance begin from the top and move downward through the chain of command.