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Kathakali is a classical dance form which originated in Kerala. Katha in Sanskrit means story and kali in Malayalam means play. So Kathakali is a play based on a story. Kathakali, like other classical dances of India, has its origins in Bharata Muni's Natyasastra. It is an art which has evolved from many social and religious theatrical art forms like Cakiarottu, Kudiattam, Krsnattam, Ramattam which existed in the Southern region in ancient times. The main custodian of Kathakali is the famous poet Vallathol Narayan Menon who established Kerala Kalamandalamin in 1930 for the preservation of this art form.
Kathakali, a stylised art form, is a blend of dance music and acting and dramatizes stories mostly adapted from the Indian epics. All the four aspects of abhinaya - angika, vacika, aharya, Sattrika and the three components of the dance - natya, nrtta and nrtya are unified flawlessly in this form. As far as the costume of this dance form is concerned, it is elaborate and designed to heighten the effect of physical strength. The large overcoats, the flawing scarves, the bulging skirts, the antique ornaments, the strikingly opulent head dresses with streaming hair flowing down to the waist and covering the back all create enlarged figures well benefitting the sculptured facial features and produce tremendously impressive impersonations. If the characters are Sattvika (a righteous character or hero), the basic make up is pacca (green); if the characters are rajsika (a character with particular vices or anti hero) the basic make up is cutti (white); and if the characters are tamsika (an evil character or villian), the basic green make up is broken up by red patches. Also, on the basic green make up, an oral red and white design is made on the nose and on the upper nose.
