The aromatic compound/species with maximum number of x - electrons is
The aromatic compound/species with maximum number of x - electrons is
Phenanthrene
Naphthalene
Cyclopentadienyl anion
Cycloheptatrienyl cation
The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
To solve the problem, we need to identify the aromatic compound or species with the maximum number of π-electrons.
1. Review of π-electrons in Aromatic Compounds:
Aromaticity is explained using Huckel’s Rule: a compound is aromatic if it has $(4n + 2)$ π-electrons (where $n$ is an integer). The number of π-electrons is typically counted from the number of conjugated double bonds in a planar cyclic system.
2. Count π-electrons in Each Option:
- Phenanthrene: Contains three fused benzene rings → 3 rings × 6 π-electrons = 18 π-electrons
- Naphthalene: Contains two fused benzene rings → 2 rings × 6 π-electrons = 10 π-electrons
- Cyclopentadienyl anion: 5-membered ring with 6 π-electrons (aromatic, but fewer electrons)
- Cycloheptatrienyl cation (tropylium): 7-membered ring with 6 π-electrons (aromatic, but again fewer electrons)
3. Comparison:
Among all the given options, Phenanthrene has the highest number of delocalized π-electrons (18).
Final Answer:
The aromatic compound with the maximum number of π-electrons is Phenanthrene.
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Concepts Used:
Aromatic hydrocarbon
Aromatic hydrocarbons, sometimes known as arenes, are aromatic organic molecules made up entirely of carbon and hydrogen. In aromatic compounds a benzene ring which is named after the simple aromatic chemical benzene, or a phenyl group when part of a larger structure, is the configuration of six carbon atoms.
Read More: Aromaticity
Reactions of Aromatic Hydrocarbons:
1. Aromatic Substitution Reactions
This reaction involves the replacement of one substituent on the ring of an aromatic hydrocarbon, commonly a hydrogen atom, by a different substituent group.
The common types of aromatic substitution reactions are:
- Nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions
- Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions
- Radical nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions
2. Coupling Reactions
In these types of reactions, the coupling of two fragments that have a radical nature is achieved with the help of a metal catalyst