By analyzing the matching of items from Group-I and Group-II, we get the following suitable matches:
- P (LED) corresponds to 3 (Spontaneous emission) because LEDs emit light due to electron-hole recombination, which is spontaneous emission.
- Q (Avalanche photo diode) corresponds to 4 (Current gain), as avalanche photodiodes are used for high current gain in photodetectors.
- R (Tunnel diode) corresponds to 1 (Heavy doping), as tunnel diodes are heavily doped to enable quantum tunneling.
- S (LASER) corresponds to 2 (Coherent radiation), as lasers produce coherent radiation.
Thus, the correct matching is option (3).