In this circuit, we have two logic gates: a NAND gate and a NOT gate.
The first gate is a NAND gate, which gives a low output (0) only when both inputs are high (1). Since one of the inputs is 1, the other input should be 0 for the output to be 0. So, \( P = 0 \).
The second gate is a NOT gate that inverts the input. The input to this NOT gate is 0, so its output will be 1.
Thus, \( Q = 1 \). Therefore, \( P = 0 \) and \( Q = 1 \).
The correct answer is (B) : P = 0, Q = 1.
Given below are two statements. One is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): In an insulated container, a gas is adiabatically shrunk to half of its initial volume. The temperature of the gas decreases.
Reason (R): Free expansion of an ideal gas is an irreversible and an adiabatic process.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below: