Given below are two statements:
Statement I: The electric force changes the speed of the charged particle and hence changes its kinetic energy; whereas the magnetic force does not change the kinetic energy of the charged particle.
Statement II: The electric force accelerates the positively charged particle perpendicular to the direction of electric field. The magnetic force accelerates the moving charged particle along the direction of magnetic field.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
Given below are two statements:
Statement I: The electric force changes the speed of the charged particle and hence changes its kinetic energy; whereas the magnetic force does not change the kinetic energy of the charged particle.
Statement II: The electric force accelerates the positively charged particle perpendicular to the direction of electric field. The magnetic force accelerates the moving charged particle along the direction of magnetic field.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
- Both statement I and statement II are correct
- Both statement I and statement II are incorrect
- Statement I is correct but statement II is incorrect
- Statement I is incorrect but statement II is correct
The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
The correct answer is (C) : Statement I is correct but statement II is incorrect.
Electric field accelerates the particle in the direction of field
\(\vec{F} = q\vec{E} = m\vec{a}\)
and magnetic field accelerates the particle perpendicular to the field
\(( \vec{F} = q\vec{v} × \vec{B} = m\vec{a} )\)
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Concepts Used:
Moving Charges and Magnetism
Moving charges generate an electric field and the rate of flow of charge is known as current. This is the basic concept in Electrostatics. Another important concept related to moving electric charges is the magnetic effect of current. Magnetism is caused by the current.
Magnetism:
- The relationship between a Moving Charge and Magnetism is that Magnetism is produced by the movement of charges.
- And Magnetism is a property that is displayed by Magnets and produced by moving charges, which results in objects being attracted or pushed away.
Magnetic Field:
Region in space around a magnet where the Magnet has its Magnetic effect is called the Magnetic field of the Magnet. Let us suppose that there is a point charge q (moving with a velocity v and, located at r at a given time t) in presence of both the electric field E (r) and the magnetic field B (r). The force on an electric charge q due to both of them can be written as,
F = q [ E (r) + v × B (r)] ≡ EElectric +Fmagnetic
This force was based on the extensive experiments of Ampere and others. It is called the Lorentz force.