Choose the correct representation of conductometric titration of benzoic acid vs sodium hydroxide
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During titration of a weak acid with a strong base, the conductance increases due to the formation of a salt and further ionization of the strong base.
The Correct Option is C
Approach Solution - 1
During the titration of a weak acid (benzoic acid) with a strong base (NaOH):
• Initially, the conductance is low because benzoic acid is a weak electrolyte and does not fully ionize in water.
• As NaOH is added, benzoic acid reacts to form the sodium benzoate salt, which is highly ionized, increasing the conductance.
• After the equivalence point, the excess NaOH contributes additional OH− ions, further increasing the conductance.
Option (2) represents this behavior correctly.
Approach Solution -2
The correct answer is (C) : 
(A) → (B) Free \(H^+\) ions are replaced by \(Na^⊕\) which decreases conductance.
(B) → (C) Un-dissociated benzoic acid reacts with \(NaOH\) and forms salt which increases ions & conductance increases.
(C) → (D) After equivalence point at (3), \(NaOH\) added further increases \(Na^⊕\) & \(OH^⊙\) ions which further increases the conductance.
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Concepts Used:
Electrochemical Cells
An electrochemical cell is a device that is used to create electrical energy through the chemical reactions which are involved in it. The electrical energy supplied to electrochemical cells is used to smooth the chemical reactions. In the electrochemical cell, the involved devices have the ability to convert the chemical energy to electrical energy or vice-versa.
Classification of Electrochemical Cell:
Cathode
- Denoted by a positive sign since electrons are consumed here
- A reduction reaction occurs in the cathode of an electrochemical cell
- Electrons move into the cathode
Anode
- Denoted by a negative sign since electrons are liberated here
- An oxidation reaction occurs here
- Electrons move out of the anode
Types of Electrochemical Cells:
Galvanic cells (also known as Voltaic cells)
- Chemical energy is transformed into electrical energy.
- The redox reactions are spontaneous in nature.
- The anode is negatively charged and the cathode is positively charged.
- The electrons originate from the species that undergo oxidation.
Electrolytic cells
- Electrical energy is transformed into chemical energy.
- The redox reactions are non-spontaneous.
- These cells are positively charged anode and negatively charged cathode.
- Electrons originate from an external source.