Question:
(a) Explain any four characteristics of planning.
OR
(b) Explain any four points of importance of decentralisation.
(a) Explain any four characteristics of planning.
OR
(b) Explain any four points of importance of decentralisation.
OR
(b) Explain any four points of importance of decentralisation.
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Planning is “what to do” in advance; decentralisation is “who decides” — both support effective management.
Updated On: Jun 22, 2025
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Solution and Explanation
(a) Four Characteristics of Planning:
- Planning focuses on achieving objectives: All planning is directed towards achieving specific goals.
- Planning is a primary function: It precedes other managerial functions.
- Planning is pervasive: It is required at all levels of management and in all departments.
- Planning is futuristic: It is forward-looking and based on forecasting.
- Relieves top management: Operational decisions are delegated, reducing the workload of senior executives.
- Quick decision making: Decisions are taken at points of action.
- Promotes motivation: Increases autonomy and responsibility among lower-level managers.
- Facilitates growth: Enables each department/unit to function independently, aiding organizational expansion.
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Top Questions on Planning
- (a) Explain any four points of importance of ‘Planning’ function of management.
OR
(b) Explain the steps in the process of ‘Organising’ function of management. - ‘Leno’ is a reputed car manufacturing company, which is going to complete its 75 years in October 2024. The Chief Executive Officer of the company decided to take the company to a higher level. For this he called a meeting of all departmental heads of the company. In the meeting, the Chief Executive Officer proposed a target to increase sales by 10% and profits by 20% in its Platinum Jubilee year. The Human Resource Manager estimated that an increase of 500 workers would be required to achieve the target. The Finance Manager suggested that the company must hold adequate cash balances for various purposes, and he will prepare a statement showing the estimated cash inflows and outflows for this particular period. Identify and explain two types of plans discussed in the above case.
- (a) Exlpain any four limitations of "Planning".
OR
(b)Explain any four points of importance of "Oragnising". - ‘Leno’ is a reputed car manufacturing company, which is going to complete its 75 years in October 2024. The Chief Executive Officer of the company decided to take the company to a higher level. For this he called a meeting of all departmental heads of the company. In the meeting, the Chief Executive Officer proposed a target to increase sales by 10 percent and profits by 20 percent in its Platinum Jubilee year. The Human Resource Manager estimated that an increase of 500 workers would be required to achieve the target. The Finance Manager suggested that the company must hold adequate cash balances for various purposes, and he will prepare a statement showing the estimated cash inflows and outflows for this particular period.
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OR
(b) Explain the following types of plans :
(i) Objective
(ii) Programme
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