List of top Biomechanics Questions asked in GATE BM

For pulsatile blood flow through an artery of internal diameter 20 mm, wall thickness 1 mm, and Young’s Modulus 1 MPa, what is the wave speed in metres per second? (rounded off to one decimal place). Assume the density of blood to be 1050 kg/m\(^3\).

At a given frequency, the storage modulus \( G' \) and loss modulus \( G'' \) of four biomaterials are shown in the table below. Which of the following option(s) is/are CORRECT?


 

A Newtonian fluid of viscosity \( \mu \) is undergoing laminar flow in a tube of radius \( R \). For a constant pressure drop per unit length along the tube, which of the following statement(s) is/are CORRECT?
Note: \( r \) represents the radial position; assume no slip condition at the boundaries.
Which one of the following hormones is NOT secreted by the adrenal gland in humans?
Cerebrospinal fluid in humans is present in the _______space.
The shape of an elastic rod of length \( l \) is represented by the position vector \( \vec{r}(s) \) corresponding to the arc length \( s \). If the bending energy of the rod is \[ E = K \int_0^l \left( \frac{\partial^2 \vec{r}}{\partial s^2} \right)^2 \, ds, \] what is the dimension of \( K \) in terms of mass \( M \), length \( L \), and time \( T \)?

Let \( R_1, R_2 \) and \( R_3 \) be the Reynolds numbers corresponding to the following three cases, respectively: 
Case 1: A 1 \(\mu\)m long bacterium swimming in water
Case 2: A 10 cm long fish swimming in water
Case 3: A 10 m long whale swimming in water
If each of them covers a distance equal to their respective body length in one second, which one of the following is CORRECT?

Given the following statements, which one of the options is correct? 
Statement (i): Histology is the study of histones 
Statement (ii): Cytology is the study of tissues

For pulsatile blood flow through an artery of internal diameter 20 mm, wall thickness 1 mm, and Young’s Modulus 1 MPa, what is the wave speed in metres per second? (rounded off to one decimal place). Assume the density of blood to be 1050 kg/m\(^3\).
For a tissue with Young’s modulus 4 kPa and shear modulus 1.5 kPa, what is the value of the Poisson’s ratio?
\(M, L, T\) correspond to dimensions representing mass, length and time, respectively. What is the dimension of viscosity?
The deltoid muscle connects the humerus to the shoulder blade and facilitates outstretching of the arm as shown in the figure. Assume the equivalent weight (W) of the arm to be 30 N and acts vertically down at a horizontal distance of 30 cm. Assume that the deltoid muscle is connected to the humerus at a distance of 15 cm and makes an average angle of $20^\circ$ with the horizontal. The magnitude of tension in the deltoid muscle is _________ N.
For blood flow through arteries, which one of the following relations approximates the pulse wave propagation speed \( C \) as a function of the inner diameter \( D \) of the artery, wall thickness \( t \), modulus of elasticity \( E \), and fluid density \( \rho \)?
Skeletal muscles are recruited to lift loads. If the force generated in the muscle due to contraction is not sufficient to lift the load, it is known as _________ contraction.
The diameter of a renal artery lumen in humans is 5 mm. If the mean velocity of the blood flowing in the renal artery is 40 cm/s, the density of blood (ρ) is 1060 kg/m³, and the viscosity of blood (μ) is 3 cP, the Reynolds number for the blood flowing in the renal artery is \(\underline{\hspace{2cm}}\). (rounded off to the nearest integer)
While comparing parallel fiber and pinnate muscles of a given volume, which of the following statements are TRUE?
If we consider blood as a suspension of RBCs in a Newtonian fluid, the shear forces experienced by the RBCs during blood flow would