List of top Soil and Water Conservation Engineering Questions asked in GATE Agricultural Engineering

Apple juice (viscosity = 1.6 cP) is being filtered through a 2 m\(^2\) filter under a constant pressure. The juice has solid concentration of 0.04 g.mL\(^{-1}\) in filtrate. The total pressure drop is 325.33 kPa. The values of cake and filter medium resistance are \(1.85 \times 10^{11}\) m.kg\(^{-1}\) and \(3.50 \times 10^{11}\) m\(^{-1}\), respectively. The time required to filter 800 litres of juice is ________ hour. (Answer in integer)
For a right-hand offset disc harrow, the longitudinal distance from the hitch point to the centers of the front and rear gangs are 2.5 m and 4.5 m, respectively. The resultant horizontal soil forces in longitudinal direction on the front and rear gangs are 3.0 kN and 3.5 kN, respectively; while the resultant horizontal soil forces in lateral directions are 2.5 kN and 4.0 kN, respectively. Considering the resultant soil forces acting at the centers of front and rear gangs, the amount of offset of the center of cut with respect to the hitch point is _________ m. (Rounded off to 2 decimal places)
A horizontal axis wind turbine with 24 m diameter blades, running with an average wind velocity of 6.0 m.s\(^{-1}\), is used for pumping irrigation water. The average air density is 1.23 kg.m\(^{-3}\). Considering coefficient of power as 0.3, transmission efficiency as 90%, pump efficiency as 60%, acceleration due to gravity as 9.81 m.s\(^{-2}\) and density of water as 1000 kg.m\(^{-3}\), the discharge of the pump for a total head of 20 m is _________ L.s\(^{-1}\). (Rounded off to 2 decimal places)
An 8 ha watershed receives rainfall intensities of 2.5, 3.6, 5.4, 3.3, 2.6 and 1.2 cm.h\(^{-1}\) at the successive intervals of 30 minutes. The corresponding surface runoff volume is estimated to be 4800 m\(^3\). Neglecting initial abstraction losses, the W-index for this watershed is _________ cm.h\(^{-1}\) (Rounded off to 2 decimal places).
To protect a wheat field from wind erosion, windbreaks of 2.7 m height are provided. The actual wind velocity at 15 m height perpendicular to the wind barrier is 9 m.s\(^{-1}\) and the minimum wind velocity at 15 m height required to move the most erodible soil fraction is 9.6 m.s\(^{-1}\). The distance of full protection from this windbreak is _________ m. (Rounded off to 2 decimal places)

A 10 ha watershed experiences a rainfall of 15 mm, evapotranspiration of 5 mm, infiltration of 4.5 mm, deep percolation of 2.2 mm, detention storage of 0.5 mm, and other abstraction losses of 0.3 mm during the storm event. Neglecting other surface storages, the total overland flow generated from the watershed due to this storm event is _________m\(^3\) (Answer in integer).

Water flows through a 90° V-notch weir having a discharge coefficient of 0.6. If the depth of water above the notch is 49 cm and the acceleration due to gravity is 9.81 m.s\(^{-2}\), the discharge over the notch is _________ m\(^3\).s\(^{-1}\) (Rounded off to 2 decimal places).
Lysimeter is an instrument used to measure the following process(es):
Apple slices are dried from a moisture content of 65% (dry basis) to 10% (dry basis) in a hybrid solar dryer under falling rate period. The apple slices have a drying rate constant of \( \frac{1}{104} \) minute\(^{-1}\). Considering an equilibrium moisture content of 2% (dry basis), the time required for drying is _________ minutes. (Rounded off to 2 decimal places)
Identify correct statement(s) for sprinkler irrigation:
Identify the adverse effect(s) due to soil salinity or alkalinity or both:
While sowing mustard seeds (bulk density = 800 kg.m\(^{-3}\)), a four-row fluted roller type seed drill with 25 cm row spacing operates at a speed of 2.5 km.h\(^{-1}\). For a desired seed rate of 5.0 kg.ha\(^{-1}\), the flowrate of seeds from the machine in m\(^3\).h\(^{-1}\) is:
A flat plate solar collector located at Bhopal (23° 15' N, 77° 42' E) is tilted at an angle of 30° with the horizontal and facing due South. Considering hour angle as 45°, the angle made by the beam radiation with normal to the collector plate on June 30, 2023 at 3:00 PM (Local Apparent Time) is _________ degree. (Rounded off to 2 decimal places)
A six-stage centrifugal pump delivers water at the rate of 150 L.s\(^{-1}\) against a net pressure rise of 5003 kN.m\(^{-2}\). The pump impeller rotates at 1450 rpm. If the acceleration due to gravity is 9.81 m.s\(^{-2}\), the specific speed of the pump is _________ (Answer in integer).
The volume and voids ratio of an undisturbed soil sample are 100 cm\(^3\) and 0.60, respectively. After oven drying, the mass of this sample is reduced from 185 g to 165 g without any shrinkage in the volume. If the specific gravity of this sample is 2.64, the degree of saturation of this soil is _________ %. (Rounded off to 2 decimal places)
By tripling the RMS sound pressure, the resulting increase in the sound pressure level in dB is closest to:
The sphericity of a cylindrical potato sample having diameter of 1.0 cm and length of 5.0 cm is closest to: