Question

Write the product(s) in the following reactions:

Hint:

Phosphorus pentoxide is a strong dehydrating agent used to remove water from carboxylic acids to form acid anhydrides.

Answer 1

Organic Reaction Descriptions

(I) Dehydration of Acetic Acid

When acetic acid is treated with phosphorus pentoxide (\(P_4O_{10}\)), a dehydrating agent, it forms acetic anhydride:

\[ 2{CH3COOH} \xrightarrow{P_4O_{10}} ({CH3CO})_2{O} \]

(II) Reaction of Phenyl Chloride with Dimethylcadmium

Phenyl chloride (\({C6H5CCl}\)) reacts with dimethyl cadmium (\(({CH3})_2{Cd}\)) to form a methylated aromatic compound. This typically results in the formation of acetophenone (\({C6H5COCH3}\)) or a related methylated derivative, depending on the conditions.

(III) Formation of Benzamide

On strong heating, a benzoyl compound or related acid derivative can undergo conversion to an amide. The resulting product is benzamide:

\[ {C6H5CONH2} \]