Question

Which one of the following is the characteristic of ‘Phase-III’ of population growth in India?

• A. High female literacy and declining population
• B. Improvisation in medical facilities and living conditions
• C. Great Economic Depression and effects of World War II
• D. Low population growth and low net increase

Hint:

In Phase-III, focus on the impact of improved healthcare and living conditions. This leads to a decrease in the death rate and lays the foundation for the later stabilization of population growth.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Phase-III of population growth in India is marked by a reduction in the death rate due to improvements in medical facilities, healthcare services, and living conditions. The advancement in healthcare infrastructure and better living conditions, such as improved sanitation and access to clean water, contributed to a decline in mortality rates. This phase is characterized by continued population growth, but at a decreasing rate as the country moves towards stabilizing its population.
- Option (A) is incorrect because although high female literacy is a key factor in population control, it is not the primary characteristic of Phase-III.
- Option (C) is incorrect because the Great Economic Depression and World War II had no significant role in the specific characteristics of India's Phase-III population growth.
- Option (D) is incorrect as low population growth and low net increase are characteristics of later stages (Phase-IV) of population growth.
Thus, the correct answer is (B) Improvisation in medical facilities and living conditions.