Question

Which of the following function of DNA is necessary for the purpose of evolution?

• A. Mutation
• B. Replication
• C. Translation
• D. Transcription

Hint:

Mutations are the driving force behind genetic variation, and without them, evolutionary processes such as natural selection would not be possible.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Mutation is the only function of DNA directly responsible for generating genetic variation, which is a key driver of evolution. Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence that can arise due to various factors such as errors during DNA replication, exposure to radiation, or chemical mutagens. These mutations can lead to new traits that may be beneficial, neutral, or harmful. The beneficial mutations are selected for during natural selection, contributing to evolutionary processes.

(1) Mutation:
- Mutations create genetic diversity, which is essential for natural selection to work. Without mutation, all organisms would be genetically identical, and evolution would not occur.

(2) Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
- Replication (Option 2) is the process by which DNA is copied to ensure that genetic information is passed on to daughter cells. While replication is crucial for cell division and maintaining the genetic code, it does not introduce genetic variation.
- Translation (Option 3) is the process by which mRNA is used to produce proteins, but it does not directly affect genetic diversity or evolution.
- Transcription (Option 4) is the process by which RNA is synthesized from a DNA template. Although transcription is essential for gene expression, it also does not directly contribute to genetic variation.

Conclusion: Mutation is necessary for the purpose of evolution, as it introduces genetic variation that can be acted upon by natural selection.