List of top Biotechnology Questions

Which strategy can be used to minimize the shear damage in bioreactors used for animal cell culture?
How is a continuous culture system maintained in microbial culture? What are its advantages over Fed-batch culture?
Write the difference between dNTPs and ddNTPs. What is the function of ddNTPs in Sanger’s method of DNA sequencing?
Describe the procedure involved in Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) technique. Why is this technique used in forensic sciences?
What is a “metagenome”? Describe the metagenomics approach and write its importance to study microorganisms.
Describe the basic steps of Recombinant DNA Technology.
Write an application of callus culture.
What is meant by explant culture?
Explain the technique of peptide mapping used to compare normal haemoglobin with sickle cell haemoglobin.
What is meant by “Protoplast”?
What is the advantage of using ddNTPs conjugated with fluorescent molecules in automated method of DNA sequencing?
Which enzyme is used in Sanger’s method of DNA sequencing?
Mention hormones that are used for promoting growth and cell division of plant cells in culture.
Mention any five protein-based products with an example of each.
Why are primers required in Sanger’s method of DNA sequencing?
Transgenic plants can be used as factories to produce polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) on a large scale. How was Arabidopsis plant engineered for the same? State the drawback of producing PHB by fermentation using bacterium Alcaligenes eutrophus.
Explain the method of Blue-White selection used for screening of recombinant cells containing desired plasmid with gene of interest.
Mention the important features that were incorporated in each of the following vectors:
(i) COSMIDS
(ii) Shuttle Vectors
(iii) Expression Vectors
Although not required for cell growth, antibiotics are added in animal cell culture medium. Give reason. Name two such antibiotics.
A comparative microarray hybridization experiment was performed between normal and cancerous cells. How will you interpret the result obtained on a microarray, if red and green coloured fluors were used for labelling the cDNA probes of normal and cancerous cells respectively?
What is the mode of action of tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA)? Draw a schematic representation to show the method of production of tPA through mammalian cell culture.
It is very difficult to produce hybrids in case of interspecific and intergeneric crosses. Why? Briefly describe the technique to obtain such novel hybrids.
Describe briefly, the charge relay system that operates in chymotrypsin enzyme.
What is the principle of mass spectrometry? Write its important application.
Outline the important steps for isolation of recombinant insulin (Humulin) from Escherichia coli.