In a diode circuit, for the diode to be forward-biased, the P-end should be connected to a higher potential than the N-end. In option (4), the P-end of the diode is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply, while the N-end is connected to the positive terminal. This configuration causes the diode to be reverse-biased, as it is in opposition to the direction required for forward bias.
Thus the correct answer is option 4.
20 mL of sodium iodide solution gave 4.74 g silver iodide when treated with excess of silver nitrate solution. The molarity of the sodium iodide solution is _____ M. (Nearest Integer value) (Given : Na = 23, I = 127, Ag = 108, N = 14, O = 16 g mol$^{-1}$)