What are X, Y and Z in the given reaction sequence?
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High temperatures and pressures are often necessary to facilitate reactions involving aromatic ring substitutions, particularly when strong resonance stabilization must be overcome.
Step 1: Determine the reactants and conditions for each transformation.
X is initially chlorobenzene.
Y involves the conversion of chlorobenzene using strong base and heat, likely aiming for a substitution reaction that introduces a hydroxyl group, leading to phenol.
Z would then be the final product, phenol, under the given reaction conditions. Step 2: Confirm the specific conditions and product.
The conditions described (NaOH at 623 K and 300 atm) are indicative of a high-pressure, high-temperature environment suitable for converting chlorobenzene to phenol, a process that involves breaking the aromatic ring's stability to introduce the hydroxyl group.
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