The structures of beryllium chloride in solid state and vapour phase, are :
- Chain and dimer, respectively
- Linear in both
- Dimer and Linear, respectively
- Chain in both
The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
The question asks about the structural forms of beryllium chloride (BeCl2) in solid state and vapor phase. To answer this correctly, we must understand the chemistry behind the structure of BeCl2 in different states.
Solid State: In the solid state, BeCl2 forms a polymeric chain structure. This is due to the fact that beryllium has a small size and high polarizing power, which causes it to form covalent bonds with chlorine atoms. Each beryllium atom is bridged to two chlorine atoms, forming a linear chain.
Vapor Phase: In the vapor phase, BeCl2 exists as a dimer, (BeCl2)2. This occurs because, in the gaseous state, the molecule seeks to minimize energy, leading to the formation of a stable dimeric form with two Be atoms bridged by two Cl atoms.
Hence, the structures of beryllium chloride in solid state and vapor phase are chain and dimer, respectively.
Thus, the correct answer is: Chain and dimer, respectively.
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Concepts Used:
Group 2 Elements
The group two or alkaline earth metals are s-block elements with two electrons in their s-orbital. They are alkaline earth metals. They are named so because of the alkaline nature of the hydroxides and oxides.
Alkaline earth metals are characterized by two s-electrons. This group of elements includes:
- Beryllium (Be)
- Magnesium (Mg)
- Calcium (Ca)
- Strontium (Sr)
- Barium (Ba)
- Radium (Ra)
Elements whose atoms have their s-subshell filled with their two valence electrons are called alkaline earth metals. Their general electronic configuration is [Noble gas] ns2. They occupy the second column of the periodic table and so-called as group two metals also.