Question

The fraction of heat which changes into work?

• A. Helm – Holtz frequency
• B. Gibbs’s free energy
• C. H + G
• D. F + G

Hint:

Gibbs free energy \( G \) is used to predict the spontaneity of a process and the amount of work that can be extracted from it. If \( G \) is negative, the process can do work.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

The fraction of heat that changes into work in a thermodynamic process is often associated with the concept of free energy. Specifically, Gibbs’s free energy (denoted as \( G \)) represents the maximum reversible work that can be performed by a thermodynamic system at constant temperature and pressure. The Gibbs free energy is a key indicator of whether a process can perform work and how much of the system's energy is available for work, as opposed to being dissipated as heat.
In contrast, Helm–Holtz free energy is more applicable for systems at constant temperature and volume. Therefore, the correct term related to the fraction of heat that changes into work is Gibbs’s free energy.