The basic character of the hydrides of 15 group elements decreases in the order:
NH3>PH3>AsH3>SbH3
SbH3>AsH3>PH3>NH
NH3>AsH3>PH3>SbH3
NH3>SbH3>PH3>AsH3
SbH3>PH3>AsH3>NH3
The Correct Option is A
Approach Solution - 1
Group 15 hydrides basicity trend:
- Basicity decreases down the group
- NH3 > PH3 > AsH3 > SbH3
- Reason: Decreasing electronegativity difference with H down the group
- Lone pair availability decreases with increasing atomic size
Thus, the correct option is (A): NH3 > PH3 > AsH3 > SbH3.
Approach Solution -2
1. Understanding the basic character of hydrides:
The basic character of a compound depends on its ability to donate a lone pair of electrons. For the hydrides of group 15 elements (NH3, PH3, AsH3, SbH3), the basicity decreases as the size of the central atom increases. This is because:
- As the size of the central atom increases, the lone pair of electrons is held less tightly due to the larger atomic radius.
- The electron density on the central atom decreases, making it less available for donation.
- Hence, the ability to donate the lone pair (basicity) decreases down the group.
2. Analyze the hydrides of group 15 elements:
- NH3: Nitrogen is the smallest and most electronegative element in group 15. The lone pair on nitrogen is held tightly and is readily available for donation, making NH3 the strongest base among the group 15 hydrides.
- PH3: Phosphorus is larger than nitrogen, so the lone pair is less tightly held. PH3 is less basic than NH3.
- AsH3: Arsenic is larger than phosphorus, further reducing the availability of the lone pair. AsH3 is less basic than PH3.
- SbH3: Antimony is the largest of the four elements, and the lone pair is least available for donation. SbH3 is the weakest base among the group 15 hydrides.
3. Arrange the hydrides in order of decreasing basicity:
- The basic character decreases in the order: NH3 > PH3 > AsH3 > SbH3.
4. Final answer:
The correct option is (A) NH3 > PH3 > AsH3 > SbH3.
Top Questions on p -Block Elements
- Which acid is the strongest: HF, HCl, HBr, HI?
- AIIMS Paramedical - 2025
- Chemistry
- p -Block Elements
- Oxidation numbers of oxygen in H_2O_2 and H_2O:
- AIIMS Paramedical - 2025
- Chemistry
- p -Block Elements
Given below are two statements.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:- JEE Main - 2025
- Chemistry
- p -Block Elements
Given below are two statements:
Statement I: Nitrogen forms oxides with +1 to +5 oxidation states due to the formation of $\mathrm{p} \pi-\mathrm{p} \pi$ bond with oxygen.
Statement II: Nitrogen does not form halides with +5 oxidation state due to the absence of d-orbital in it.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:- JEE Main - 2025
- Chemistry
- p -Block Elements
Given below are the pairs of group 13 elements showing their relation in terms of atomic radius. $(\mathrm{B}<\mathrm{Al}),(\mathrm{Al}<\mathrm{Ga}),(\mathrm{Ga}<\mathrm{In})$ and $(\mathrm{In}<\mathrm{Tl})$ Identify the elements present in the incorrect pair and in that pair find out the element (X) that has higher ionic radius $\left(\mathrm{M}^{3+}\right)$ than the other one. The atomic number of the element (X) is
- JEE Main - 2025
- Chemistry
- p -Block Elements
Questions Asked in KEAM exam
- A lift having mass 1000kg moves upward against a frictional force of 2000N. Power given by motor is 36000W. What is the velocity of the lift?
- KEAM - 2025
- Speed, Time and Distance
- Solve for \( a \) and \( b \) given the equations: \[ \sin x + \sin y = a, \quad \cos x + \cos y = b, \quad x + y = \frac{2\pi}{3} \]
- KEAM - 2025
- Trigonometry
- If \( A \) is a \( 3 \times 3 \) matrix and \( |B| = 3|A| \) and \( |A| = 5 \), then find \( \left| \frac{\text{adj} B}{|A|} \right| \).
- KEAM - 2025
- Matrix Operations
- An unbiased die is tossed until a sum \( S \) is obtained. If \( X \) denotes the number of times tossed, find the ratio \( \frac{P(X = 2)}{P(X = 5)} \).
- KEAM - 2025
- Probability
- If $ f(x) = \log 3 - \sin x $, $ y = f(f(x)) $, find $ y(0) $.
- KEAM - 2025
- Functions
Concepts Used:
Group 15 Elements
Group 15 elements are also known as nitrogen group elements or nitrogen family.
It consists of:
- Nitrogen (N)
- Phosphorus (P)
- Arsenic (As)
- Antimony (Sb)
- Bismuth (Bi)
- Moscovium (Mc)
They are present on the right side of the periodic table. All the elements are arranged based on their atomic weight. The elements with similar properties reside in a column called the group.
All Group 15 elements have the electron configuration ns2np3 in their outer shell, where n is the principal quantum number.
Periodic Trends in Group 15 Elements
