Question:
Statement I : Dipole moment is a vector quantity and by convention it is depicted by a small arrow with tail on the negative centre and head pointing towards the positive centre
Statement II : The crossed arrow of the dipole moment symbolizes the direction of the shift of charges in the molecules.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
Statement I : Dipole moment is a vector quantity and by convention it is depicted by a small arrow with tail on the negative centre and head pointing towards the positive centre
Statement II : The crossed arrow of the dipole moment symbolizes the direction of the shift of charges in the molecules.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
Statement II : The crossed arrow of the dipole moment symbolizes the direction of the shift of charges in the molecules.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
Updated On: Mar 19, 2025
- Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
- Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
- Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
- Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
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The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Statement I is correct. In chemistry, the dipole moment is represented by an arrow with a positive sign (\(+\)) at the tail and a negative sign (\(-\)) at the head. The arrow points from the positive charge to the negative charge, indicating the direction of the dipole moment, which is important for understanding the polarity of molecules. This representation is conventional and widely accepted in molecular chemistry.
Statement II is incorrect. The crossed arrow does not represent the shift of charges in a molecule. Rather, the crossed arrow in dipole moment notation indicates the direction of the resultant dipole moment in the molecule. It shows the vector from the positive charge to the negative charge, not the movement of the charges themselves. Therefore, this statement misinterprets the meaning of the crossed arrow in dipole moment representation.
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Concepts Used:
Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
Such a group of atoms is called a molecule. Obviously, there must be some force that holds these constituent atoms together in the molecules. The attractive force which holds various constituents (atoms, ions, etc.) together in different chemical species is called a chemical bond.
Types of Chemical Bonds:
There are 4 types of chemical bonds which are formed by atoms or molecules to yield compounds.
- Ionic Bonds - Ionic bonding is a type of chemical bonding which involves a transfer of electrons from one atom or molecule to another.
- Covalent Bonds - Compounds that contain carbon commonly exhibit this type of chemical bonding.
- Hydrogen Bonds - It is a type of polar covalent bonding between oxygen and hydrogen wherein the hydrogen develops a partial positive charge
- Polar Bonds - In Polar Covalent chemical bonding, electrons are shared unequally since the more electronegative atom pulls the electron pair closer to itself and away from the less electronegative atom.
Factors Affecting Bond Enthalpy in Chemical Bonding:
- Size of the Atom
- Multiplicity of Bonds
- Number of Lone Pair of Electrons Present
- Bond Angle