Question

Select the correct statement from the following biotechnological procedures:

• A. The polymerase enzyme joins the gene of interest and the vector DNA.
• B. Gel electrophoresis is used for amplification of a DNA segment.
• C. PCR is used for isolation and separation of the gene of interest.
• D. Plasmid DNA acts as a vector to transfer the piece of DNA attached to it.

Hint:

Plasmids are commonly used as vectors in genetic engineering to introduce new genes into host cells. They can replicate independently and carry foreign genes for expression in host organisms.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Analyzing the given statements:
- Statement (A): "The polymerase enzyme joins the gene of interest and the vector DNA."
This is incorrect. While polymerase enzymes (e.g., Taq polymerase in PCR) are crucial for DNA replication, they do not join the gene of interest and the vector DNA. This is typically done by DNA ligase, not polymerase.
- Statement (B): "Gel electrophoresis is used for amplification of a DNA segment."
This is incorrect. Gel electrophoresis is used to separate DNA fragments based on their size, not to amplify them. PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) is used to amplify DNA segments.
- Statement (C): "PCR is used for isolation and separation of the gene of interest."
This is incorrect. PCR amplifies specific DNA segments, but it does not isolate or separate genes. Gel electrophoresis is used for separation, and other techniques like restriction enzymes are used for isolation.
- Statement (D): "Plasmid DNA acts as a vector to transfer the piece of DNA attached to it."
This is correct. In genetic engineering, plasmid DNA is commonly used as a vector to carry and transfer the gene of interest into a host cell.
Step 2: Conclusion:
The correct statement is option (D), where plasmid DNA acts as a vector to transfer the DNA into a host organism for further study or use.