Question

Phenolics control microorganisms by:

• A. Denaturing proteins
• B. Oxidizing cellular components
• C. Preventing cell wall formation
• D. Inhibiting DNA replication

Hint:

Phenolic compounds disrupt protein function, making them effective antimicrobial agents.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding Phenolic Activity 
Phenolic compounds have antimicrobial properties and typically work by denaturing proteins, disrupting the structure and function of microbial cells. 
Step 2: Evaluating the Options 
- Denaturing proteins: Correct, phenolics disrupt proteins and enzymes within the microorganism. 
- Oxidizing cellular components: This is more characteristic of other disinfectants like bleach. 
- Preventing cell wall formation: Phenolics do not act this way. 
- Inhibiting DNA replication: Not a primary mechanism of phenolic compounds. 
Step 3: Conclusion 
Phenolics primarily control microorganisms by denaturing proteins.