To match compounds with their common names:
1. Identify the functional groups and structural features of each compound.
2. Recall the common names associated with specific structures.
3. Ensure the match aligns with the given options.
Step 1: Understand the Structures and Common Names
We need to match the given compounds in List-I with their corresponding common names in List-II based on their structures.
Step 2: Analyze Each Compound
A) $ \text{HO}\text{-C}_6\text{H}_4\text{-OH} $
This compound has two hydroxyl groups ($ -\text{OH} $) attached to a benzene ring.
The common name for this compound is Quinol.
Matches with IV: Quinol
B) $ \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{-O-CH}_2\text{-CH}_3 $
This compound has a benzene ring with an ether linkage ($ -\text{O}- $) followed by an ethyl group ($ \text{-CH}_2\text{-CH}_3 $).
The common name for this compound is Cumene.
Matches with II: Cumene
C) $ \text{HO}\text{-C}_6\text{H}_4\text{-OH} $
This compound has two hydroxyl groups ($ -\text{OH} $) attached to adjacent carbon atoms on a benzene ring.
The common name for this compound is Catechol.
Matches with I: Catechol
D) $ \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{-CH(CH}_3\text{)}_2 $
This compound has a benzene ring with two methyl groups ($ \text{-CH}_3 $) attached to the same carbon atom.
The common name for this compound is Phenetole.
Matches with III: Phenetole Step 3: Match the Compounds with Their Common Names
Based on the analysis:
A ($ \text{HO}\text{-C}_6\text{H}_4\text{-OH} $) matches with IV (Quinol).
B ($ \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{-O-CH}_2\text{-CH}_3 $) matches with II (Cumene).
C ($ \text{HO}\text{-C}_6\text{H}_4\text{-OH} $) matches with I (Catechol).
D ($ \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{-CH(CH}_3\text{)}_2 $) matches with III (Phenetole).
Thus, the correct matching is:
$$
\text{A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II}
$$
Step 4: Identify the Correct Option
From the analysis:
Option (1): A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II
Correct — matches the analysis.
Option (2): A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III
Incorrect — incorrect match for C and D.
Option (3): A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
Incorrect — incorrect matches for A and C.
Option (4): A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I
Incorrect — incorrect matches for all compounds.
