Question

In a democratic state, which of the following is a key actor in governance?

• A. Women's groups
• B. Status groups
• C. Political parties
• D. International organisations

Hint:

In questions about democratic governance, focus on the formal institutions and processes. Political parties are the vehicles through which representative democracy functions.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The question asks to identify a central or "key" actor in the process of governance within a democratic state. Governance refers to the structures and processes for collective decision-making and implementation.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
(A) Women's groups: These are a form of civil society organization. While they play a crucial role in advocating for rights and influencing policy, they are not a formal part of the state's governance machinery itself.
(B) Status groups: This is a sociological concept (from Max Weber) describing groups based on social prestige. It is an analytical category, not a concrete political actor.
(C) Political parties: These are the fundamental actors in a representative democracy. They aggregate public opinion, contest elections, form governments, hold the government accountable (as opposition), and are the primary link between the citizens and the state. They are central to the entire process of democratic governance.
(D) International organisations: These are external actors (like the UN or World Bank). They can influence a state's policies but are not internal actors in its domestic governance process.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Political parties are the key actors that operationalize the system of governance in a democratic state.