Question

Identify correct statement/s: 
(A) \( -\text{OCH}_3 \) and \( -\text{NHCOCH}_3 \) are activating groups. 
(B) \( -\text{CN} \) and \( -\text{OH} \) are meta directing groups. 
(C) \( -\text{CN} \) and \( -\text{SO}_3\text{H} \) are meta directing groups.
(D) Activating groups act as ortho- and para-directing groups.
(E) Halides are activating groups. 
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. (A), (B) and (E) only
• B. (A), (C) and (D) only
• C. (A) only
• D. (A) and (C) only

Hint:

Activating groups donate electron density to the aromatic ring, making it more reactive. Deactivating groups withdraw electron density, making the ring less reactive.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

- (A) True: \( -\text{OCH}_3 \) and \( -\text{NHCOCH}_3 \) are electron-donating groups, thus activating the aromatic ring.
- (B) True: \( -\text{CN} \) and \( -\text{OH} \) are both meta directing groups.
- (C) False: \( -\text{SO}_3\text{H} \) is actually a meta directing group, but \( -\text{CN} \) is a meta directing group too, making the statement true.
- (D) True: Activating groups usually act as ortho-para directing groups.
- (E) False: Halides are deactivating and ortho-para directing.

Thus, the correct answer is \( \text{(A)}, \text{(B)}, \text{and (E)} \).

Final Answer: (1) (A), (B) and (E) only.

Answer 2

Step 1: Analyze each statement.
- (A) \( -\text{OCH}_3 \) and \( -\text{NHCOCH}_3 \) are activating groups.
This statement is correct. Both \( -\text{OCH}_3 \) (methoxy group) and \( -\text{NHCOCH}_3 \) (acetamido group) are electron-donating groups. These groups increase the electron density on the aromatic ring and activate the ring toward electrophilic substitution reactions. Therefore, they are activating groups.

- (B) \( -\text{CN} \) and \( -\text{OH} \) are meta directing groups.
This statement is correct. \( -\text{CN} \) (cyano group) and \( -\text{OH} \) (hydroxyl group) are electron-withdrawing groups, and they direct substituents to the meta position on the aromatic ring in electrophilic substitution reactions.

- (C) \( -\text{CN} \) and \( -\text{SO}_3\text{H} \) are meta directing groups.
This statement is correct. Both \( -\text{CN} \) (cyano group) and \( -\text{SO}_3\text{H} \) (sulfonic acid group) are electron-withdrawing groups and they direct substituents to the meta position during electrophilic substitution reactions.

- (D) Activating groups act as ortho- and para-directing groups.
This statement is correct. Activating groups, such as \( -\text{OH} \), \( -\text{OCH}_3 \), and others, increase the electron density on the aromatic ring and direct new substituents to the ortho and para positions in electrophilic substitution reactions.

- (E) Halides are activating groups.
This statement is incorrect. Halides (e.g., \( -\text{Cl} \), \( -\text{Br} \)) are deactivating groups due to their electron-withdrawing nature through induction. However, halides are ortho- and para-directing groups due to their lone pair donation through resonance.

Step 2: Conclusion.
The correct statements are (A), (B), and (E).

Final Answer:
\[ \boxed{\text{(A), (B) and (E) only}}. \]