Question:
How will you obtain the following from aniline? Give chemical equations only.
(a)Sulphanilic acid
(b) Phenylisocyanide
(c) Acetanilide
How will you obtain the following from aniline? Give chemical equations only.
(a)Sulphanilic acid
(b) Phenylisocyanide
(c) Acetanilide
(a)Sulphanilic acid
(b) Phenylisocyanide
(c) Acetanilide
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For reactions involving aniline, it's important to consider the nucleophilicity of the amine group, which can participate in various electrophilic substitution or condensation reactions.
Updated On: Jun 25, 2025
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Solution and Explanation
(a) To obtain sulphanilic acid from aniline:
Aniline reacts with fuming sulphuric acid to form sulphanilic acid. \[ \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{NH}_2 + \text{H}_2\text{SO}_4 \xrightarrow{\text{fuming}} \text{C}_6\text{H}_4\text{SO}_3\text{NH}_2 \] (b) To obtain phenylisocyanide from aniline:
Aniline reacts with chloroform and potassium hydroxide to form phenylisocyanide (also known as isonitrile). \[ \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{NH}_2 + \text{CHCl}_3 + \text{KOH} \xrightarrow{\text{heat}} \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{NC} \] (c) To obtain acetanilide from aniline:
Aniline reacts with acetic anhydride to form acetanilide. \[ \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{NH}_2 + (\text{CH}_3\text{CO})_2\text{O} \longrightarrow \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{NHCOCH}_3 \]
Aniline reacts with fuming sulphuric acid to form sulphanilic acid. \[ \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{NH}_2 + \text{H}_2\text{SO}_4 \xrightarrow{\text{fuming}} \text{C}_6\text{H}_4\text{SO}_3\text{NH}_2 \] (b) To obtain phenylisocyanide from aniline:
Aniline reacts with chloroform and potassium hydroxide to form phenylisocyanide (also known as isonitrile). \[ \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{NH}_2 + \text{CHCl}_3 + \text{KOH} \xrightarrow{\text{heat}} \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{NC} \] (c) To obtain acetanilide from aniline:
Aniline reacts with acetic anhydride to form acetanilide. \[ \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{NH}_2 + (\text{CH}_3\text{CO})_2\text{O} \longrightarrow \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{NHCOCH}_3 \]
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