Question:

Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason $R$ : 

Assertion (A) : Acetal / Ketal is stable in basic medium.

Reason (R) : The high leaving tendency of alkoxide ion gives the stability to acetal ketal in basic medium

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below

Updated On: Sep 23, 2024
  • Both $A$ and $R$ are true but $R$ is NOT the correct explanation of $A$
  • A is false but $R$ is true
  • A is true but $R$ is false
  • Both $A$ and $R$ are true and $R$ is the correct explanation of $A$
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The Correct Option is C

Solution and Explanation

For Assertion :Acetal and ketals are basically ethers hence they must be stable in basic medium but should break down in acidic medium.
Hence assertion is correct.
For reason: Alkoxide ion is not considered a good leaving group hence reason must be false.
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Concepts Used:

Structure of Atom

Atomic Structure:

The atomic structure of an element refers to the constitution of its nucleus and the arrangement of the electrons around it. Primarily, the atomic structure of matter is made up of protons, electrons and neutrons.

Dalton’s Atomic Theory

Dalton proposed that every matter is composed of atoms that are indivisible and indestructible. 

The following are the postulates of his theory:

  • Every matter is made up of atoms.
  • Atoms are indivisible.
  • Specific elements have only one type of atoms in them.
  • Each atom has its own constant mass that varies from element to element.
  • Atoms undergo rearrangement during a chemical reaction.
  • Atoms can neither be created nor be destroyed but can be transformed from one form to another.

Cons of Dalton’s Atomic Theory

  • The theory was unable to explain the existence of isotopes.
  • Nothing about the structure of atom was appropriately explained.
  • Later, the scientists discovered particles inside the atom that proved, the atoms are divisible.

​​Subatomic Particles

  1. Protons - are positively charged subatomic particles.
  2. Electron - are negatively  charged subatomic particles.
  3. Neutrons - are electrically neutral particles and carry no charge

Atomic Structure of Isotopes

Several atomic structures of an element can exist, which differ in the total number of nucleons.These variants of elements having a different nucleon number (also known as the mass number) are called isotopes of the element. Therefore, the isotopes of an element have the same number of protons but differ in the number of neutrons.  For example, there exist three known naturally occurring isotopes of hydrogen, namely, protium, deuterium, and tritium.