Question

Given below are two statements: 
 

involving lone pair of electrons on nitrogen. 
 

• A. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
• B. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
• C. Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
• D. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct

Hint:

Consider proximity and molecular orientation when predicting reaction mechanisms and rates, especially in intramolecular versus intermolecular contexts.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Let's analyze the two statements:

Statement I:

The first compound is 2-chloroethyl amine. The second compound is a primary alkyl halide.

In alkaline hydrolysis, both compounds undergo nucleophilic substitution.

• The 2-chloroethyl amine will undergo faster alkaline hydrolysis because the amine group facilitates an intramolecular nucleophilic substitution before the actual hydrolysis takes place.
• The proximity of the nitrogen atom to the carbon bearing the chlorine allows for this fast intramolecular reaction.
• In contrast, the second compound requires an intermolecular attack by the hydroxide ion (OH⁻), which is slower due to lower probability of effective collisions.

Thus, Statement I is correct.

Statement II:

In 2-chloroethyl amine, intramolecular substitution occurs first. This happens because:

• The nitrogen atom has a lone pair of electrons, making it a good nucleophile.
• The nitrogen is in close proximity to the carbon atom bonded to chlorine, allowing it to initiate an intramolecular nucleophilic attack.

Thus, Statement II is also correct.

Conclusion:

Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.

Final Answer:
The final answer is $ \text{Both Statement I and Statement II are true} $.