Question

Explain the following techniques of scientific management: (i) Time Study (ii) Motion Study (iii) Fatigue Study

Hint:

Scientific management techniques like time study, motion study, and fatigue study aim to optimize work processes, improve efficiency, and reduce waste.- Management is essential for achieving organizational goals, improving productivity, and ensuring effective use of resources. It applies universally across industries.

Answer 1

Techniques of Scientific Management: (i) Time Study: Time study is a technique used in scientific management to determine the time required to perform a specific task. It involves observing workers performing their tasks and measuring the time taken to complete each task under normal working conditions. The purpose of time study is to establish standard time for tasks, optimize work processes, and improve productivity.

(ii) Motion Study: Motion study is a technique used to analyze the movements required to perform a task and eliminate unnecessary movements. The aim is to improve efficiency by simplifying the task and reducing wasted effort. This technique helps in optimizing the workflow, reducing fatigue, and increasing the overall efficiency of workers.

(iii) Fatigue Study: Fatigue study is the study of the physical and mental effort required to perform a task. It involves determining the ideal duration of work, rest periods, and breaks to avoid worker fatigue and maintain consistent performance. The goal is to prevent overwork and increase productivity by maintaining the worker’s energy levels during the work process.