Considering the following reaction sequence,
the correct option(s) is(are)
the correct option(s) is(are)
The Correct Option is A, B, C
Approach Solution - 1
→ P may be → H2/Pd, ethanol; Sn/HCl
→ R may be → NaNO2/HCl; HNO2
→ U may be → (i) H3PO2, (ii) KMnO4 – KOH, Δ or (i) CH3 – CH2 – OH, (ii) KMnO4 – KOH, Δ
So the correct options are A,B and C.
Approach Solution -2
1. From \( \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{NO}_2 \) (Nitrobenzene) to Q:
The first step involves the reduction of nitrobenzene (\( \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{NO}_2 \)) to an amine derivative.
The reagent for reducing the nitro group to an amine group is \( \text{H}_2/\text{Pd} \), ethanol, which matches with option A and B for P → H₂/Pd, ethanol.
2. From Q to R:
The next step involves the conversion of the amine group to a diazonium salt using \( \text{NaNO}_2/\text{HCl} \).
This corresponds to option A and option B for R → NaNO₂/HCl.
3. From R to S:
The reaction involves the substitution of the diazonium group with a chlorine atom to form a chlorobenzene derivative.
This step is facilitated by CuCl, as shown in option C for S → \( \text{C}_6\text{H}_4\text{Cl} \) (Chlorobenzene).
4. From S to U:
The next step involves the oxidation of the chlorobenzene derivative into a carboxyl group, forming benzoic acid.
The reducing agent for this reaction is KMnO₄ - KOH, heat, which corresponds to U in option A and option C.
5. From U to T:
The final product, benzoic acid, is formed by the reaction of the compound under oxidation conditions.
This matches with the final step T: \( \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{COOH} \) in option A and option C.
Final Answer:
The correct matches are:
- P → H₂/Pd, ethanol: Reduction of nitrobenzene to aniline
- R → NaNO₂/HCl: Formation of a diazonium salt
- S → \( \text{C}_6\text{H}_4\text{Cl} \): Chlorination of the diazonium salt
- U → KMnO₄ - KOH, heat: Oxidation to benzoic acid
Correct Option:
The correct options are A, B, C.
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Concepts Used:
Chemical Properties - Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
Alcohols, phenols, and ethers are organic compounds that have distinct chemical properties.
Alcohols are characterized by the presence of the hydroxyl (-OH) functional group, which makes them polar and capable of forming hydrogen bonds. They are typically classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary, depending on the number of alkyl groups attached to the carbon atom bearing the hydroxyl group. Alcohols undergo various chemical reactions, including oxidation, dehydration, and esterification.
Phenols are organic compounds that contain an -OH group attached to an aromatic ring. They are weaker acids than carboxylic acids but stronger acids than alcohols due to the resonance stabilization of the phenoxide ion. Phenols undergo various chemical reactions, including electrophilic substitution and oxidation.
Read More: Classification of Alcohol, Phenols and Ethers
Ethers are organic compounds that contain an oxygen atom bonded to two alkyl or aryl groups. They are characterized by their low boiling points and are often used as solvents. Ethers undergo various chemical reactions, including cleavage of the C-O bond and oxidation.
In summary, alcohols, phenols, and ethers have distinct chemical properties due to the presence of the hydroxyl or ether functional group. Understanding these properties is important for understanding their reactivity and potential applications in various fields, including chemistry, biology, and industry.