Question:

Best reducing agent among the given ions are:

Updated On: Feb 6, 2024
  • \(Ce^{4+}\)
  • \(Gd^{2+}\)
  • \(Lu^{3+}\)
  • \(Nd^{3+}\)
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The Correct Option is B

Solution and Explanation

The correct option is (B): \(Gd^{2+}\)

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Concepts Used:

Organic Chemistry – Some Basic Principles and Techniques - Reaction Mechanism

SN1 Reaction Mechanism:

SN1 reaction mechanism takes place by following three steps –

  • Formation of carbocation 
  • Attack of nucleophile 
  • Deprotonation 

SN2 Reaction Mechanism:

The SN2 reaction mechanism involves the nucleophilic substitution reaction of the leaving group (which generally consists of halide groups or other electron-withdrawing groups) with a nucleophile in a given organic compound.

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Reaction Mechanism:

The mechanism of an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction contains three main components which are:

  1. A new sigma bond from C=C is formed during the reaction in the arene nucleophile.
  2. Due to the breaking of the C-H sigma bond, a proton is removed.
  3. The C=C bond is reformed and it restores the aromaticity of the compound.

Electrophilic Substitution Reaction Mechanism:

The electrophilic substitution reaction mechanism is composed of three steps, which will be discussed more below.

  • Electrophile Generation
  • Carbocation Formation
  • Proton Removal