Question:
Among the alkali metals cesium is the most reactive because
Among the alkali metals cesium is the most reactive because
Updated On: Feb 23, 2024
- its incomplete shell is nearest to the nucleus
- it has a single electron in the valence shell
- it is the heaviest alkali metal
- the outermost electron is more loosely bound than the outermost electron of the other alkali metals.
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The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
Alkali metals have a tendency to lose the single valence electron and form +ve ion and gain inert gas configuration but in case of cesium, the distance of the valence electron is maximum. So, force of attraction by the nucleus is least, hence, it is more reactive.
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Concepts Used:
Group 1 Elements
Group one of alkali metals is s-block elements with just one electron in their s-orbital. They are are alkali metals. They are named so because of the alkaline nature of the hydroxides and oxides.
Alkali metals are characterized by one s-electron in the valence shell of their atoms.
Alkali metals have a corresponding [Noble gas] ns1 electronic configuration. They occupy the first column of the periodic table. Alkali elements are:
- Lithium(Li)
- Sodium(Na)
- Potassium (K)
- Rubidium (Ru)
- Cesium (Cs)
- Francium (Fr)
They have occupied successive periods from first to seven. Francium is a radioactive element with very low half-life.
Electronic Configuration:
- Alkali metals have one electron in their valence shell.
- The electronic configuration is given by ns1. For example, the electronic configuration of lithium is given by 1ns1 2ns1.
- They tend to lose the outer shell electron to form cations with charge +1 (monovalent ions).
This makes them the most electropositive elements and due to the same reason, they are not found in the pure state.