Question

(a) Explain any three psychological barriers to communication.
OR
(b) ‘Directing helps in effective and efficient functioning of the organization.’ Explain this statement by giving any three points.

Hint:

Psychological barriers occur inside the mind — directing removes confusion and aligns people toward the same goal.

Answer 1

(a) Three Psychological Barriers to Communication:

• Premature Evaluation: Sometimes, the listener evaluates the message before the sender finishes. This disrupts the communication flow.
• Lack of Attention: Distraction or mental preoccupation leads to ignoring the message.
• Emotions: Negative emotions like anger or jealousy can distort interpretation of messages.

(b) Directing and Its Importance in Effective Functioning:

• Initiates Action: Directing guides employees on what to do and how to do it, ensuring action.
• Integrates Efforts: It helps in harmonizing individual goals with organizational goals.
• Motivates Employees: Through leadership and communication, it boosts morale and productivity.

Final Answer: Explained both parts for clarity.