List of top Geology Questions

A drainage basin of fourth order covers an area of 35 km². Within the basin, the total lengths of the 1st order, 2nd order, and 3rd order drainages are 11.5 km, 8.5 km, and 4.2 km, respectively. If the drainage density of the basin is 0.8 km\(^{-1}\), the total length of the 4th order drainage is \(\underline{\hspace{1cm}}\) km.
Under uniaxial compression, a cylindrical quartzite specimen (length = 122 mm and diameter = 60 mm) showed linear elastic behaviour. The uniaxial compressive strength and the modulus ratio of the rock are 150 MPa and 500, respectively. The axial strain at 75 MPa during the loading was \(\underline{\hspace{1cm}}\) milli-strain. (in integer)
A stratified confined aquifer consists of three parallel homogeneous and isotropic horizontal layers with thickness of 10 m, 5 m, and 5 m. The layers have the same width. The hydraulic conductivities of the strata are 15 m/day, 20 m/day, and 30 m/day, respectively. The water flow follows Darcy's law and is parallel to the strata. Considering the same hydraulic gradient for all the layers, the effective hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer is \(\underline{\hspace{1cm}}\) m/day.
An aqueous polyphase (L + V + solid) inclusion contains a halite daughter crystal at room temperature and pressure. Which of the given statements is CORRECT in relation to this inclusion?
The following reaction takes place in the amphibolite grade of metamorphism of pelitic rocks:
\[ \text{kyanite + chlorite} \leftrightarrow \text{staurolite + quartz + H}_2\text{O} \] Which of the following is a CORRECT statement on this reaction?
Tillite with faceted boulders and green shale with dropstones characterize the lithology of:
Which one of the following statements is CORRECT?
The volume percentage of galena and quartz in an ore body of Pb are 90 and 10, respectively. The densities of galena and quartz are 7.6 and 2.65 g/cc, respectively. The grade of the ore body in terms of weight percent of Pb is \(\underline{\hspace{2cm}}\) (Atomic weights of Pb = 206 and S = 32).
The water table in an unconfined aquifer at a place near the coast is 1 m above the Mean Sea Level. Given the densities of fresh and saline water as 1.001 and 1.025 g/cc, respectively, the fresh-saline water interface at the same location should be at a depth of \(\underline{\hspace{1cm}}\) m from the water table.
A constant-head permeability test was performed on a vertical sand column of height 40 cm and cross-sectional area of 25 cm². During the test, when the loss of head was 50 cm, the volume of water collected in 2 minutes was 300 cm³. Applying Darcy's law, the calculated coefficient of permeability of the sand column is \(\underline{\hspace{0cm}}\) cm/sec. (round off to 2 decimal places).
The mass and volume of a fully dried soil sample are 2200 gm and 1100 cm³, respectively. If the specific gravity of the soil particles is 2.5 and water density is 1 gm/cm³, the void ratio of the soil is \(\underline{\hspace{1cm}}\) (round off to 2 decimal places).
A vertical borehole encounters a shale bed of uniform thickness occurring at a depth of 5 m and dipping 60°. The borehole pierces through this shale bed for a length of 10 m to reach a sandstone layer below. The true thickness of the shale bed is \(\underline{\hspace{1cm}}\) m.
The most coaliferous unit of the Gondwana Supergroup is:
A surface geological process that can create a landform called Cirque is:
Which one of the following structures indicates Syndimentary deformation?
The stage of textual maturity of a clay-rich sandstone containing poorly sorted and angular framework grains is:
Furongian is an Epoch of:
'Group' is a unit of:

In a structurally controlled fluvial setting, an asymmetric flight of river terraces T1, T2, and T3 shown in the figure was sampled at location L1. The age of the sample at L1 was 30 ka (kiloyears). Assuming that the terraces were formed entirely due to deformation-related uplift, the average uplift rate in the past 30 ka in the region was ________ mm/yr. (Answer in integer.) 

In the uvarovite garnet (Ca3Cr2Si3O12), Ca is in cubic coordination, Cr is in octahedral coordination, and Si is in tetrahedral coordination. The electrostatic bond strength of the Ca2+ central ion is ________. (Round off to two decimal places.)

Refer to the schematic sketch given (not to scale). Assume average saturated density of oceanic crustal rocks = 3200 kg/m3, density of ocean water = 1000 kg/m3, and acceleration due to gravity = 10 m/s2. The overburden pressure at a point (P) located 2 km below seabed and 4 km below the ocean surface is ________ MPa. (Answer in integer.) 

The following table shows modal abundance and mineral composition data of a plutonic igneous rock. The amount of SiO2 in bulk composition of the rock is ________ %. (Round off to two decimal places.)

The following diagram represents a binary phase diagram for the system A–B at atmospheric pressure. If ‘X’ is the initial composition of melt, then the amount of melt that converts to solid when the magma cools from 1400 °C to 1250 °C is ________ %. (Round off to two decimal places.) 

In a laboratory experiment, water discharge through a porous rock sample in 2 hours was 10 cm3. The cylindrical rock sample is 10 cm long and has a diameter of 50 mm. If the discharge occurred at a constant head of 300 cm, the coefficient of permeability of the rock sample is _________ ×10–6 cm/s. (Round off to two decimal places.)
During concretionary growth of a spherical grain of radius 2 Å, the rate of change of surface area with respect to change in radius of the grain is __________ ×10–8 cm. (Use π = 3.14) (Round off to two decimal places.)