List of top Soil and Water Conservation Engineering Questions

A homogenous anisotropic earthen dam of height 52 m with a free board of 2 m is constructed on an impermeable foundation. The horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivities of soil are \(K_h = 4.5 \times 10^{-8} \, m/s\) and \(K_v = 2.0 \times 10^{-8} \, m/s\). There are 6 flow channels and 25 equipotential drops in a square flownet drawn in the transformed dam section. If the downstream dam side is dry, the quantity of seepage per unit length through the dam in m\(^3\)/day/m is \underline{\hspace{3cm}}.

In a juice filtration process, solid concentration per m\(^3\) of filtrate is 0.2 kg. During filtration of 12.49 m\(^3\) of juice, 0.02 m thick cake (porosity of 0.32) is deposited. If 2.5 kg of solid is collected in 180 s, the pressure drop across the cake in kPa is: \[ \text{Absolute viscosity of juice} = 2.12 \times 10^{-3} \, \text{kg m}^{-1}\text{s}^{-1}, \text{Specific cake resistance} = 1.2 \times 10^8 \, \text{m kg}^{-1} \]

The infiltration capacity of a basin is described by Horton's equation: \[ I = 2 + e^{-3t} \] where \(I\) is in cm/h and \(t\) is in hours. If the duration of the storm event is 2 hours, the depth of infiltration in the last 1 hour of the storm event in mm is:

A trapezoidal grassed waterway with side slope (H:V) of 1:1 carries a design discharge of \(1 \, m^3/s\). The bed slope and Manning's roughness coefficient of this channel are 1% and 0.04, respectively. The design depth of the best hydraulic trapezoidal grassed waterway section in m is \underline{\hspace{3cm}} (rounded off to 2 decimal places).

Identify the dimensionless parameter(s) from the following:

The statement which is not correct for the porous medium is

A walk-in deep freezer wall is made of 120 mm thick brick layer on the outside followed by 75 mm thick concrete and 50 mm thick cork layers inside. The mean temperatures measured over inside and outside wall surfaces are -18°C and 24°C, respectively. The thermal conductivity of brick, concrete and cork are 0.69, 0.76 and 0.043 W m$^{-1$ K$^{-1}$, respectively. Considering one square meter wall surface area, the heat transfer rate in W is _____.} \textit{[Round off to one decimal place]}

The crank radius and connecting rod length of an IC engine are 250 mm and 1000 mm, respectively. If the crank turns 100° from the head dead centre and the net force acting on the piston along its direction of motion is 35 kN, the turning moment of the crank shaft at that instant in kN m is _____. \textit{[Round off to two decimal places]}

A mild steel flange-mounted single shear pin (Ultimate shear strength = 42 MPa) is used in a flange. The perpendicular distance between the axis of driving shaft and the shear pin axis is 100 mm. If the speed of the driving shaft is 300 rpm, the maximum power the shaft could transmit in kW before the failure of the pin is _____. \textit{[Round off to two decimal places.]}

A small watershed receives 90 mm of rainfall in a day. If the initial abstraction is considered as 25% of the potential maximum retention of soil, and the land use changes from forest (with \(S = 136\) mm) to cultivated land (with \(S = 64\) mm), the change in daily runoff volume in percent is \(\underline{\hspace{1cm}}\) (round off to one decimal place).

The shape of the Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph (IUH) of a catchment is an isosceles triangle with a peak of 60 m\(^3\)s\(^{-1}\) and time to peak of 3 h. If the constant baseflow is 7.5 m\(^3\)s\(^{-1}\), the peak of the 3-h Unit Hydrograph (UH) in m\(^3\)s\(^{-1}\) is

The dry density (in g·cm\(^{-3}\)) and porosity (in per cent) of the soil sample, respectively, are:

A shear annulus with inner and outer diameters of 240 mm and 300 mm is used to measure soil shear strength. The torque at failure is 50 N·m. Shear strength of soil in kPa is (Take $\pi = 3.14$)

A cohesionless soil forms a natural infinite slope at \(25^\circ\). If the effective friction angle is \(30^\circ\), determine the factor of safety (round off to 2 decimals).